被动反应与主动选择:国家土地督察何以抑制城市扩张  

Passive Reaction and Active Choice:How National Land Supervision Inhibits Urban Expansion

作　　者：杨孟禹 唐宝时 刘雅宁 YANG Mengyu;TANG Baoshi;LIU Yaning

机构地区：[1]云南大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2024年第2期131-154,共24页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“‘城-圈-群’网络结构支撑大中小城市协调发展的机制与路径研究”(编号:23BJY132)的支持。

摘　　要：土地制度是影响城市扩张的重要因素。本文将国家土地督察制度设立视为准自然实验,构建2000-2021年287个地级及以上城市数据集,实证分析土地督察是否抑制以及如何抑制城市扩张。研究发现:土地督察能有效抑制城市扩张,被督察城市的扩张速度约下降5.3%。土地督察对城市扩张的抑制作用主要通过威慑城市政府促进土地出让市场化、遏制土地违法利用、矫正土地策略性配置的“被动反应”,以及激励城市政府调低经济增长目标、提高土地利用效率的“主动选择”机制来实现。异质性分析发现,“被动反应”与“主动选择”均有空间异质性:远离海岸线、经济增长土地依赖度高、市委书记任期短的城市“被动反应”效应较强,而邻近海岸线、经济增长土地依赖度低、市委书记任期长的城市则“主动选择”效应较强。本文为深入理解国家土地督察制度的经济效应提供了新的经验证据,对推进城市治理现代化有一定启发。The land system is a significant factor affecting urban expansion.This paper empirically analyzes whether and how National Land Supervision inhibits urban expansion by regarding the establishment of National Land Supervision System as a quasi-natural experiment and using a dataset of 287 cities at and above the prefecture-level from 2000 to 2021.The study finds that National Land Supervision effectively curbs urban expansion,with the expansion speed of the inspected cities decreasing by approximately 5.3%.Mechanism analysis suggests that the restraining effect of National Land Supervision on urban expansion is mainly achieved by“passive reaction”,i.e.deterring the urban governments to promote the marketization level of land transfer,curbing illegal land use,and correcting the strategic allocation of land,and“active choice”,i.e.encouraging urban governments reducing the growth targets and improving land use efficiency.Heterogeneity analysis shows that both“passive reaction”and“active choice”exhibit spatial heterogeneity:cities far from the coast,with high land dependence,and with shorter tenures of the municipal party secretaries exhibit a more substantial“passive reaction effect.”In contrast,cities located near the coast,with low land dependence,and with longer tenures of the municipal party secretaries show a more substantial“active choice effect.”This paper provides new empirical evidence for a deeper understanding of the economic effect of the National Land Supervision system,and has some inspiration for promoting the modernization of urban governance.

关 键 词：土地督察 城市扩张 被动反应 主动选择 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]