巴基斯坦信德民族分离主义运动的起源、嬗变及危害  

The Sindhi Ethnic Separatist Movement in Pakistan:Origin,Evolution and Harms

作　　者：杨玉龙 Yulong Yang

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学马克思主义学院,咸阳712100

出　　处：《世界民族》2024年第2期113-126,共14页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(22VMC042)资助的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：20世纪40年代巴基斯坦争取独立的过程中,信德族精英积极支持印巴分治决议,为巴基斯坦独立建国作出重要贡献。然而,建国以后信德族在国家结构形式改革、穆哈吉尔移民问题、国家语言地位问题与巴基斯坦政府及其他族群之间产生深刻的利益冲突。以古拉姆·赛义德为代表的信德政治精英主张以信德民族分离主义为目标来维护本民族利益,其民族分离主义思想被称为“信杜德什”,该思潮进而发展为一股极端化民族主义为表现的“信杜德什运动”。近年来,信德民族分离主义势力在不断分化中重新聚集,与路支民族分离主义组织建立起跨族群的合作态势,这些新趋势对巴基斯坦国家安全与社会稳定造成严峻挑战,对“中巴经济走廊”新一阶段的项目合作构成一定安全隐患。In the process of Pakistan's struggle for national independence in the 1940s,the Sindhi elites actively supported the resolution on partition between India and Pakistan,making important contributions to the founding of an independent Pakistan.However,after the establishment of the state,the Sindhi ethnic group had a profound conflict of interests with the Pakistani government and other ethnic groups on the reform of the state structure,the issue of Muhajir immigrants,and the status of the national language.The Sindhi political elites represented by Ghulam Said advocated ethnic separation as the goal to safeguard the interests of their own ethnic group,and their ethnic separatist ideas and goals were called"Sindhudesh",which then developed into a"Sindhudesh Movement"that manifested itself in extreme nationalism.In recent years,the Sindhi ethnic separatist forces have regrouped in the midst of continuous differentiation and established cross-ethnic cooperation with the Baloch separatist groups.These new trends pose serious challenges to Pakistan's national security and social stability,and certain security risks to the project cooperation under the new phase of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

关 键 词：信德民族分离主义 巴基斯坦 信德人 信杜德什 

分 类 号：D562[政治法律—政治学]