孕期轻度碘缺乏对母婴甲状腺生物标记物及子代发育和认知的影响  

Effect of mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy on maternal and infantile thyroid biomarkers and developmental cognition of infants

作　　者：周芳 雷永良 陈斌燕 罗霞 ZHOU Fang;LEI Yong-liang;CHEN Bin-yan;LUO Xia(Department of Maternal Health Care,Lishui Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Lishui,Zhejiang 323000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]丽水市妇幼保健院孕产保健科,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市妇幼保健院院长办公室 [3]丽水市妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [4]丽水市妇幼保健院保健部

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2024年第8期1396-1399,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：浙江省丽水市科技计划项目(2020SJZC017)。

摘　　要：目的探究孕期轻度碘缺乏对母婴甲状腺生物标记物及子代发育和认知的影响。方法在丽水市选取2019年10月—2021年6月100例轻度碘缺乏的孕妇作为研究组,选取同期100例碘适宜孕妇作为对照组。比较两组孕妇产时促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT_(3))、游离甲状腺素(FT_(4))等甲状腺生物标记物水平,新生儿早产、幼儿满月超重情况及新生儿出生72 h后TSH、6个月以内发育认知水平。结果研究组孕妇产时TSH、FT_(3)、FT_(4)、Tg水平分别为(2.05±1.39)mIU/L、(4.28±0.47)pmol/L、(14.64±2.05)pmol/L、(3.84±2.37)μg/L,对照组孕妇产时TSH、FT_(3)、FT_(4)、Tg水平分别为(1.72±1.13)mIU/L、(4.38±0.69)pmol/L、(15.16±3.04)pmol/L、(4.36±2.58)μg/L,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组新生儿早产率(9.00%)高于对照组(2.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);幼儿满月超重(18.00%)高于对照组(10.00%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组新生儿出生72h后TSH水平及6个月发育情况评估通过率分别为(3.60±6.06)mIU/L、97.96%,对照组新生儿出生72 h后TSH水平及6个月发育情况评估通过率分别为(3.77±12.32)mIU/L、96.88%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕期轻度碘缺乏可能增加早产风险,但不会影响母婴的甲状腺功能水平及子代近期的发育认知水平。Objective To explore the effect of mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy on maternal and infantile thyroid biomarkers and developmental cognition of infants.Methods From October 2019 to June 2021,100 pregnant women with mild iodine deficiency were selected as study group,100 pregnant women with appropriate iodine were selected as control group.The levels of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free triiodothyronine(FT_(3)),free thyroxine(FT_(4))in delivery,premature birth,overweight of one-month infants,TSH after 72 hours after birth,developmental cognition within 6 months were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of TSH,FT_(3),FT_(4),and Tg in delivery in study group were(2.05±1.39)mIU/L,(4.28±0.47)pmol/L,(14.64±2.05)pmol/L,and(3.84±2.37)μg/L,respectively.The levels of TSH,FT_(3),FT_(4),and Tg in delivery in control group were(1.72±1.13)mIU/L,(4.38±0.69)pmol/L,(15.16±3.04)pmol/L,(4.36±2.58)μg/L,respectively,there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The rate of premature birth in study group was 9.00%,which was higher than that in control group,there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The overweight rate of one-month infants in study group was 18.00%,which was higher than that in control group,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The level of TSH after 72 hours after birth and passing rate of development within 6 months in study group were(3.60±6.06)mIU/L and 97.96%,respectively.The level of TSH after 72 hours after birth and passing rate of development within 6 months in control group were(3.77±12.32)mIU/L and 96.88%,respectively,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy may increase the risk of premature birth,but it does not affect maternal and infantile thyroid function and developmental cognition of infants.

关 键 词：孕妇 新生儿 轻度碘缺乏 甲状腺生物标记物 发育认知 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]