社会空间分异视角下成都市卫生资源配置公平性研究  

Study on the Equity of Health Resource Allocation in Chengdu from the Perspective of Socio-Spatial Differention

作　　者：谭晓霜 任青蔓 巴桑[1] 莫色阿木 任晓晖[1] Tan Xiaoshuang(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2024年第4期410-414,共5页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“社会空间分异视角下成都市建设国家中心城市精准卫生资源配置模式研究”(2022JDR0196)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨基于社会空间分异视角下城市不同区域的卫生资源配置公平性,为城镇化背景下的城市卫生资源合理配置提供重要依据。方法:利用第七次人口普查数据,通过因子、聚类与判别分析探讨成都市社会空间分异情况;描述社会空间分异视角下成都市2020年卫生资源配置现状,利用基尼系数与泰尔指数从人口、经济和地理维度进行公平性评价。结果:在区县尺度成都市社会空间可划分为三类社会区。2020年社会区一每千人口床位数、卫技人员、执业(助理)医师和注册护士为8.82张、13.00人、4.71人、6.38人;社会区二分别为3.90张、5.39人、2.19人、2.47人;社会区三为8.36张、7.16人、2.64人、3.19人;各项卫生资源按人口、经济配置的基尼系数介于0.2~0.4,按地理配置的基尼系数都超过0.5;按人口、地理、经济配置的社会区内部差异贡献率分别介于45.42%~51.23%、30.37%~39.98%、78.81%~93.38%。结论:成都市社会空间分异显著,各社会区卫生资源配置水平及不同维度公平性存在差异。进行卫生资源规划时,还需考虑人口社会特征、区域经济和地理因素,兼顾不同维度的卫生资源公平性。Objective To explore the fairness of health resources distribution in various areas from the perspective of socio-spatial differences,and provide references for the reasonable allocation of urbanized urban health resources.Methods The 7th census data were used to explore the socio-spatial differentiation of Chengdu through factor,cluster and discriminant analysis.The status of health resource allocation in Chengdu in 2020 was described,and its equity was evaluated by Gini coefficient and Theil index in terms of demographic,economic and geographic dimensions.Results Chengdu's social space can be divided into three types of social districts at the district and county scales.In 2020,there had 8.82 beds,13.00 health care staff,4.71 practicing(assistant)physicians,and 6.38 registered nurses per 1,000 population in social district 1.And there had 3.90 beds,5.39 health care staff,2.19 practicing(assistant)physicians,and 2.47 registered nurses per 1,000 population in social district 2,and 8.36 beds,7.16 health care staff,2.64 practicing(assistant)physicians,and 3.19 registered nurses per 1,000 population in social district 3.The Gini coefficients of each health resource ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 categorized by demographic and economic allocation,while it exceeded o.5 categorized by geographic allocation.The contribution rate of the differences within the social districts ranged from 45.42%to 51.23%,30.37%to 39.98%,and 78.81%to 93.38%,categorized by demographic,geographic and economic allocations,respectively.Conclusion There has significant socio-spatial variation in the distribution of health resources and equity across social districts in Chengdu.In health resource planning,it is necessary to take into account the demographic social characteristics,regional economic and geographical factors,and consider the equity of health resources in dfferent dimensions.

关 键 词：卫生资源配置 社会空间分异 公平性 泰尔指数 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]