斜流工况下喷水推进器叶轮空化特性的数值研究  

Numerical Study on Cavitation Characteristics of Water Jet Propulsor Impeller under Oblique Flow Condition

作　　者：赖海滨 陈二云[1] 杨爱玲[1] LAI Hai-bin;CHEN Er-yun;YANG Ai-ling(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China,200093)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2024年第3期32-40,共9页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51106099)。

摘　　要：针对喷水推进器斜流工况时叶轮内部的空化问题,采用SST k-ω湍流模型和Zwart空化模型,对不同斜流角下的喷水推进器流场特性进行了数值模拟,获得了斜流角对喷水推进器水力性能、叶片表面空泡分布以及叶顶间隙区空化分布等方面的影响特性。结果表明:斜流角从0°逐渐增大至40°时,推进泵的质量流量、扬程增加,效率则递减,约减小了3%;随着斜流角增大,依次影响多个叶片表面的空化分布,叶片表面空化区域从吸力面进口边向出口处不断发展;叶顶尖隙内的泄漏流、叶顶泄漏涡及卷吸区的空化范围随斜流角的增大不断扩展,并发生相互干涉和混合,最后叶顶区空化趋于稳定状态;随着斜流角的增大,叶顶进口附近处的空化和涡量分布发展规律具有相似性。Aiming at the cavitation problem in the impeller of water jet propulsor under oblique flow condition,SST k-ω turbulence model and Zwart cavitation model were used to simulate the flow field characteristics of water jet propulsor under dfferent oblique flow angles.The influence characteristics of the oblique flow angle on the hydraulic performance of water jet propulsor,the cavitation distribution on the blade surface and the cavitation distribution in the tip clearance area of the water jet propulsor were obtained.The results show that when the oblique flow angle gradually increases from 0°to 40°,the propulsion pump mass flow and head increase,while the efficiency decreases by about 3%;with the increase of the oblique flow angle,the cavitation distribution on multiple blade surfaces will be gradually affected in turn,the cavitation area on the blade surface constantly develops from the inlet edge of the suction surface to the outlet;the range of leakage flow cavitation in the tip clearance area,tip leakage vortex cavitation and entrainment zone cavitation will continue to expand with the increase of oblique flow angle,and there will be mutual interference and mixing,and finally the tip region cavitation tends to be stable;with the increase of oblique flow angle,the distribution and development law of cavitation and vorticity near tip inlet are similar.

关 键 词：喷水推进器 斜流 空化 叶顶间隙 

分 类 号：U664.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]