法的安定性与刑法类型思维的更新——由数字时代的“类型弥散”谈及  

The Stability of Law and the Renewal of Type Thinking in Criminal Law--From the"Type Dispersion"in the Digital Era

作　　者：廉睿 宋昊原 LIAN Rui;SONG Hao-yuan(School of Law,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《政法学刊》2024年第1期76-85,共10页Journal of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：数字时代的犯罪类型与日俱增,为否定僵化的概念思维提供依据,却也催生类型弥散现象,给类型思维带来冲击和质疑。类型弥散现象源于类型的开放性特征,指的是类型之间要素的相互扩散,致使类型之间“你中有我,我中有你”。类型弥散使得类型过度模糊、彼此模糊,再次引发类型思维的安定性危机。在罪刑法定原则的指导下,应当承认类型思维是与罪刑法定相契合、符合刑法认识规律的思维形式,并进一步强调罪刑的法定是类型的安定。基于类型安定性的考虑,应发挥制定法的形象指导作用,扩充刑事制定法的范围;树立以人为本的教义学立场,从个人性之整体关系出发理解和解释类型;再以消极的预防与积极的报复为刑事政策的目的,从观念上指导要件类型的开放与更新。The types of crimes in the digital era are increasing day by day,which provides the basis for negating the rigid conceptual thinking,but also generates the phenomenon of type dispersion,which brings impacts and questions to the type thinking.The phenomenon of type dispersion originates from the openness of the nature of types,which refers to the mutual proliferation of elements between types,resulting in the phenomenon of"you have me and I have you",i.e.,the phenomenon of excessive type ambiguity.Type dispersion will hinder type thinking to accurately understand and update types,making type thinking fall into a formal crisis of legitimacy again.Under the guidance of the principle of legality of crime and punishment,it should be recognized that type thinking is a form of thinking that accords with the legality of crime and punishment and conforms to the cognitive law of criminal law,and further emphasizes that the legality of crime and punishment is the stability of types.Based on the consideration of type stability,we should give full play to the image guiding role of statutory law,expand the scope of criminal statutory law,establish a people-oriented dogmatic standpoint,understand and explain types from the overall relationship of individual nature and then take negative prevention and positive retaliation as the purpose of criminal policy to guide the opening and renewal of the types of elements.

关 键 词：类型思维 类型 类型弥散 罪刑法定 

分 类 号：DF61[政治法律—刑法学]