“张形势而抗威棱”——明代蓟镇三屯营地区军制考述  

"Establish the Situation and Resist the Threats":A Textual Research on the Military System of Jizhen Garrison in Santunying Town of Ming Dynasty

作　　者：王奇 肖立军[2] Wang Qi;Xiao Lijun

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学马克思主义学院 [2]天津师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《军事历史》2024年第1期4-13,M0003,共11页Military History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明卫所制与省镇营兵制关系研究”(16BZS059)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：终明之世,明廷在蓟镇三屯营地区先后设置总兵、游击、参将、守备、副总兵等将领进行管辖,并逐渐形成“总兵一副总兵一守备”的直接驻防三屯的将领体系。同时,明代中期以后,明廷在三屯营地区派驻省镇营兵将领以及相关基层营伍官校,也体现了明代蓟镇地区边防从卫所制到省镇营兵制的转变过程。可以说,蓟镇省镇营兵制的建立和发展演变与三屯营地区将领及相关制度的建设相始终。这一系列制度的确立对于三屯营地区的各项军制产生了重要影响,对于明中期以后的蓟镇防守来说更是至关重要。Until its end,the regime of Ming Dynasty assigned in succession the commanders to the Jizhen Garrison in Santunying Area with varied ranks known as garrison,guerrlla,staff,guard and deputy garrison commanders.The commanding system of"garrison commander,deputy garrison commander and guard commander"was gradually established for troops stationed in Santunying.Since the middle period of Ming Dynasty,the regime designated provincial,garrison,and battalion commanders and their subordinate officers to the Santunying Area.This fact also proved the transformation of border defense from the system of guard station to the system of provincial,garrison and battalion troops in the Jizhen Garrison of Ming Dynasty.It is safe to say that the military system of provincial,garrison and battalion troops in Jizhen Garrison was established and developed in consistency with the assignment of commanders and the relevant institutions in the Santunying Area.The establishment of these systems had significant effects on all the military mechanisms in the Santunying Area,and was even more important for the defense of Jizhen Garrison since the middle period of Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：蓟镇 三屯营 将领设置 营制 

分 类 号：E291[军事—军事理论] K248[历史地理—历史学]