从“差序格局”到“天下格局”:中国优秀企业家精神的演化过程  

From the Differential Mode of Association to Tianxia Geju:A Study on the Evolution Process of China’s Outstanding Entrepreneurial Spirit

作　　者：晁罡[1] 钱晨 王磊[3] CHAO Gang;QIAN Chen;WANG Lei(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510641,China;School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China;School of Politics and Public Administration,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510641 [2]清华大学经济管理学院,北京100084 [3]华南师范大学政治与公共管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《经济管理》2024年第2期5-29,共25页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：马克思主义理论研究和建设工程2023年度重大项目暨国家社会科学基金重大项目“教育、科技、人才是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的基础性战略性支撑研究”(2023MZD010);国家自然科学基金面上项目“当代中国企业家的天下格局:概念提出、量表开发和效能验证”(72072061);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“推进中华民族现代文明的广东实践研究”(GD24WH15)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来,中国取得了举世瞩目的经济和社会发展成就,中国优秀企业家在此过程中发挥了重要作用,并展现出突出的创新创业精神和深厚的家国天下情怀。培育和弘扬颇具中国特色的企业家精神,不仅是推动企业和经济高质量发展的关键,也是实现中国式现代化的重要环节。然而,对于中国优秀企业家精神及其背后的文化根源,相关研究尚缺乏充分的理论探讨。通过对11位代表性企业家及其企业长达10年的跟踪调查,本文运用经典扎根理论方法,研究发现这些企业家在对待自我、员工、合作伙伴以及社会大众和自然万物时呈现出沿着“修身立德”“成就员工”“多方共生”和“天下为公”路径的格局演化,并创造性提出“天下格局”这一中国式企业家精神新概念。本文通过理论构建对“天下格局”做出概念界定,并从内在结构、价值取向和适用群体等方面深入讨论了“天下格局”与“差序格局”的差异与联系,认为从前者到后者是个体精神不断演进和超越的过程。本研究对于推进中国式企业家精神研究、突破差序式管理模式局限和深化共益企业视角下的社会责任研究,具有理论价值;对于突破家族企业的信任困局和发展瓶颈,引导企业在更广泛的社会领域自觉地履行社会责任,实现企业与社会的共同富裕和共同进步,亦具有现实价值。Promoting entrepreneurship with Chinese characteristics,rooted in‘family and country sentiment’and‘Tianxia spirit’,is key for economic and societal progress.Yet,there’s a significant gap in theoretical research on how traditional Chinese culture influences this entrepreneurship.In the contemporary developmental landscape of China,a remarkable breed of entrepreneurs has surfaced,not only characterized by their innovative and entrepreneurial spirit but also distinguished by their profound commitment to social welfare and a deep sense of national belonging.These exemplary Chinese entrepreneurs undoubtedly demonstrate the scope and cultural confidence of Chinese business leaders.They are not only typical representatives of promoting the Tianxia spirit and patriotic sentiments inherent in excellent Chinese traditional culture but also exemplify the contemporary Chinese entrepreneurial spirit.Their actions and philosophies offer vivid examples of the current spirit of entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility,showcasing the profound influence of Chinese culture in modern corporate development.To gain a profound understanding of the essence and impacts of entrepreneurial spirit,we employed the grounded theory method,conducting a comprehensive 10‑year follow‑up investigation and a 5‑year specialized field study on 11 representative entrepreneurs and their enterprises.Following the principle of theoretical sampling,we gradually selected 11 entrepreneurs(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K)and carried out in‑depth interviews with them and their stakeholders,culminating in a rich first‑hand data corpus of 1.12 million words.Grounded on this solid data,we strictly adhered to the coding procedures of the grounded theory research method,encompassing open coding,selective coding,and theoretical coding.Through meticulous analysis,we uncovered four core characteristics of Chinese entrepreneurs when confronting self,employees,partners,as well as the public and the natural environment:Self‑cultivation and moral i

关 键 词：天下格局 差序格局 中国式企业家精神 企业社会责任 扎根理论方法 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]