中共抗日根据地的简体字——以一份手写油印本为基础的量化分析  

Simplified Chinese Characters in the CPC's Resistance Bases:A Quantitative Analysis Based on a Handwritten Mimeograph Report

作　　者：李金铮[1] Li Jinzheng

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院暨中国社会史研究中心

出　　处：《抗日战争研究》2024年第1期13-26,M0003,共15页Studies of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

摘　　要：简体字的使用并非始于中国共产党,而是自汉字产生以来一直就有的演化趋势,甚至南京国民政府也颁布过简体字表。只是国民政府并没有实际推行,而中国共产党在革命时期即有使用简体字的实践。不过从中共抗日根据地来看,对简体字并无统一的态度和政策,有的根据地时而肯定、时而否定,有的坚决反对使用,反映了简体字使用过程中的矛盾和张力。以一份手写油印稿《考察晋察冀边区统一累进税报告》为例进行统计,在3.5万余字中,使用简体字190个。其中有84个字渊源甚早,在先秦至明清时期就陆续出现了。与国民政府颁布的简体字表324个字比较,有87个相同,73个为新增。与根据地文字学家罗竹风统计的300余个简体字比较,有86个相同,54个为新增。根据地简体字的使用,为新中国成立后的简体字改革提供了经验。The use of simplified Chinese characters did not start from the CPC,but from an evolution trend since the emergence of Chinese characters,even the Nanjing Nationalist government issued a simplified Chinese characters table.However,the Nationalist government did not actually carry out the plan,but the CPC had the practice of using simplified Chinese characters in the revolutionary period.However,looking from the CPC's different resistance bases,there was no unified attitude and policy towards simplified Chinese characters.Some bases sometimes affirmed,sometimes denied,and some bases resolutely opposed the use,reflecting the contradictions in the use of simplified Chinese characters.Taking the handwrtten mimeographed Report on the Unified Progressive Tax of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region as an example for statistics,190 simplified characters out of 35000 characters were used.Among them,84 characters had an early origin and appeared from the pre-Qin period to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Compared with the 324 characters in the simplified table issued by the Nationalist government,87 were the same and 73 were newly added.Compared with the more than 300 simplified Chinese characters counted by philologist Luo Zhufeng in base,86 were the same and 54 were newly added.The use of simplified Chinese characters in the bases provided experience for the reform of simplified Chinese characters after the founding of new China.

关 键 词：汉字 简体字 抗日战争 根据地 中共革命 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]