史诗中的王者神话——《尼伯龙人之歌》与“七年战争”的英雄叙事  

The Myth of the King in the Epic:The Nibelungenlied and the Heroic Narration of“Seven Years,War”

作　　者：张晖 Zhang Hui

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院外国文学研究所

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第2期88-105,157,158,共20页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：“七年战争”时期错综复杂的国际关系以及惨烈的欧洲战局都在呼唤强人政治的登台亮相,恰逢此时《尼伯龙人之歌》重见天日。这部史诗演绎的虽是中古神话,召唤的却是英雄化的当代君主和对神圣共同体的重新认同。聚集在苏黎世以波德默为代表的史诗研究者不约而同地选择将史诗里的爱国-复仇主题带入18世纪中叶的战争语境,并期待一部专属于普鲁士国王腓特烈二世的英雄史诗问世,这样的集体阐释倾向无疑与德意志早期爱国主义话语以及原初民族主义意识密切相关。本文从时代背景角度考察《尼伯龙人之歌》早期接受史背后的政治意图,并深入解析君主英雄化的最终指向。The intricate international relations and the tragic battles during the Seven Years'War called for the appearance of strongman politics.At this time,the Niebelungenlied reappeared.Although this epic interprets medieval myths,what it calls for is a heroic contemporary monarch and a re-identification of the sacred community.Epic researchers who gathered in Zürich,represented by Johann Jakob Bodmer,unanimously chose to bring the theme of patriotism-revenge in the epic into the context of war in the mid-eighteenth century,and looked forward to a novel dedicated to King Frederick II of Prussia.Undoubtedly,such a collective interpretation tendency is closely related to the early patriotic discourse and original nationalist consciousness in Germany.This article will examine the political intention behind the early reception history of the Niebelungenlied from the perspective of the background of the times,and will deeply analyze the ultimate direction of the heroization of the monarch.

关 键 词：《尼伯龙人之歌》 七年战争 君主英雄化 原初民族主义 神圣共同体 

分 类 号：B932[哲学宗教—宗教学]