行动中的女性:驱除烟雾组织与20世纪60—70年代洛杉矶的空气污染治理  

Women in Action:“Stamp Out Smog”and the Air Pollution Control in Los Angeles in the 60s and 70s of the 20th Century

作　　者：阮晓逖 Ruan Xiaoti

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第2期135-154,160,共21页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：20世纪50年代末,为了应对严重的空气污染,洛杉矶的一批中上层家庭妇女成立了驱除烟雾组织。该组织在20世纪60—70年代为治理南加州的烟雾问题做了大量工作,是当时最为活跃的民间环保组织和最具代表性的女性环保组织。该组织通过在行政和立法机关展开大量游说活动,并积极向公众宣传,对许多环保政策与法律的制定产生了影响。尽管她们发起的“共享出行日”活动遭遇失败,但仍具有独特的价值。驱除烟雾组织不仅为南加州的空气污染治理事业作出了重要贡献,而且是当时女权运动和环保运动相结合的突出代表,展示了民间团体和女性群体在环保改革事业中的重要价值。In the late 1950s,a group of upper-middle class housewives from Los Angeles established an organization called“Stamp Out Smog”to cope with the serious air pollution.As the most active non-governmental and the most representative women's environmental organization at that time,its members made a lot of contribution to solving the smog problem in Southern California.The organization exerted influence on policy-making and law-making by launching many lobbying activities at administrative and legislative bodies and actively publicizing their opinions to the public.Although their project named“Share a Ride Day”failed,it still had unique value.“Stamp Out Smog”not only made an important contribution to the air pollution control in Southern California,but was also an outstanding representative of the combination of the feminist and environmental movement at that time,demonstrating the significant value of civic groups and women's groups in the cause of environmental reform.

关 键 词：驱除烟雾组织 中上层家庭妇女 洛杉矶烟雾 空气污染治理 女性环保组织 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]