基于WSR-IM的装配式预制构件吊装施工安全评价  

Construction Safety Evaluation of Prefabricated Components Hoisting Based on WSR-IM

作　　者：武乾[1] 胡剑峰 WU Qian;HU Jianfeng(School of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《土木工程与管理学报》2024年第2期48-54,共7页Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

摘　　要：装配式建筑预制构件吊装施工相较于传统建筑吊装作业的施工安全风险更加具有多样性和复杂性,为准确有效的评估装配式建筑预制构件吊装施工的安全风险状态,识别出关键风险因素,在多因素耦合视角下构建预制构件吊装施工安全事故致因模型。基于施工单位责任视角,首先采用WSR方法论从“物理-事理-人理”三个层面识别并筛选出预制构件吊装施工安全风险影响因素20个,其次利用可以削弱主观因素影响的C-OWA算子构建改进相互作用矩阵进行风险耦合分析,最后用实例验证该方法实用性。结果表明:该项目整体风险等级偏强,项目管理者应该重视预制构件吊装风险的预防和管控,通过采取有效的防御措施,对施工过程中的高权重风险因素进行控制,降低发生重大安全事故的概率。Compared with the traditional hoisting construction,the construction safety risk of assembly building is more diverse and complicated.In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the safety risk state of prefabricated building,the key risk factors were identified,and the model of the cause of safety accident in prefabricated building was constructed from the perspective of multi-factor coupling.Based on the responsibility perspective of the construction company,20 risk factors of hoisting construction of prefabricated components were identified and selected by WSR methodology from three aspects of“physico-event-human”,and then an improved interaction matrix was constructed for risk coupling analysis by using C-OWA operator,which can reduce the influence of subjective factors.Finally,an example is given to verify the practicability of the method,and the results show that the overall risk level of the project is strong,so the project manager should pay attention to the prevention and control of the hoisting risk of prefabricated components,and control the high-weight risk factors in the construction process by taking effective defensive measures to reduce the probability of major safety accidents.

关 键 词：装配式建筑 吊装施工 风险耦合 相互作用矩阵 风险评价 

分 类 号：TU714[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]