泛素化修饰关键酶在植物抗逆反应中的功能研究进展  

Research Progress in the Functions of Key Enzymes of Ubiquitination Modification in Plant Stress Responses

作　　者：郭慧妍 董雪[1] 安梦楠[1] 夏子豪 吴元华[1] GUO Hui-yan;DONG Xue;AN Meng-nan;XIA Zi-hao;WU Yuan-hua(College of Plant Protection,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2024年第4期1-11,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801702)。

摘　　要：泛素化修饰是植物蛋白质翻译后修饰的重要组成部分,通过对蛋白质的选择性降解,参与调控植物生长发育和多种逆境胁迫反应。泛素化修饰反应由3种关键酶协同作用完成。泛素分子通过与泛素激活酶的巯基酯键连接从而被激活,被激活的泛素分子再与泛素结合酶形成复合体,最后在泛素连接酶的作用下完成与靶蛋白的结合。随着蛋白质组学测序技术的不断发展,人们对泛素化修饰的研究更加普遍和深入。大量被泛素化修饰的蛋白及其修饰位点被鉴定出来,有助于深入了解蛋白质的调控机制,进一步解析蛋白质的功能。本文介绍了泛素-蛋白酶体系统的反应过程,泛素化修饰关键酶的结构、数量及分类,并重点围绕泛素激活酶、泛素结合酶和泛素连接酶在植物应对非生物及生物胁迫中的功能研究开展论述,同时也对植物泛素化修饰关键酶的功能研究所面临的问题进行总结,并对泛素化修饰与其他修饰之间的串扰进行了讨论与展望,对于泛素化修饰在植物逆境胁迫领域的深入研究具有重要意义。Ubiquitination is one of post-translational modifications of plant proteins,which is involved in the regulation of plant growth,development and various stress responses by selective degradation of proteins.The reaction of ubiquitination modification is carried out by the synergistic action of three key enzymes.Ubiquitin molecules are activated by linking to thiol ester bonds of ubiquitin-activating enzymes,and the activated ubiquitin molecules form a complex with ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes,and finally bind to the target protein under the action of ubiquitin-ligase enzymes.With the development of proteomics sequencing technology,the research on ubiquitination modification has become more widespread and deeper.A large number of ubiquitination modified proteins and their modification sites have been identified,which is conducive to further understanding the regulatory mechanism of proteins and further analyzing the function of proteins.In this paper,we mainly introduced the reaction process of the ubiquitin-proteasome system,the structure,quantity and classification of key enzymes of ubiquitination modification,and focused on the functions of ubiquitin-activating enzymes,ubiquitin-binding enzymes and ubiquitin-ligases in plant response to abiotic and biotic stresses.Concurrently,we summarized the issues in studying functions of the key enzymes in plant ubiquitination modification,and discussed the crosstalk between ubiquitination and other modifications,which is of great significance for further research on ubiquitination modification in the field of plant responses to various environmental stresses.

关 键 词：泛素化修饰 泛素激活酶 泛素结合酶 泛素连接酶 非生物胁迫 生物胁迫 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]