赣南稀土尾矿土壤不同施肥处理对饲料桑农艺性状、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of different fertilization treatments on agronomic characters,yield,and quality of forage mulberry in the soil of rare earth tailings in southern Jiangxi

作　　者：陈荣强 雷小文 邱静芸 欧翔 张强 邱清华 欧阳克蕙[2] 刘珍妮 徐树明 李建明 CHEN Rongqiang;LEI Xiaowen;QIU Jingyun;OU Xiang;ZHANG Qiang;QIU Qinghua;OUYANG Kehui;LIU Zhenni;XU Shuming;LI Jianming(Ganzhou Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Institute,Ganzhou 341401,Jiangxi,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs of Dingnan County,Dingnan 341900,Jiangxi,China;Dingnan Dingrui Animal Husbandry Company,Dingnan 341909,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]赣州市畜牧水产研究所,江西赣州341401 [2]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,江西南昌330045 [3]定南县农业农村局,江西定南341900 [4]定南县鼎瑞牧业有限公司,江西定南341909

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第4期942-956,共15页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展项目(20221ZDF03017);赣州市重点研发计划(赣市科发〔2020〕60号);赣州市重点研发计划(2022B-SF9700)。

摘　　要：为探究赣南稀土尾矿土壤中不同施肥处理对‘粤桑11号’饲料桑(Morus alba‘Yuesang No.11’)的成活率、农艺性状、产量及品质的影响,采用田间随机区组设计,设置对照组(CK:不施肥)、牛沼液(Z)、腐熟牛粪(F)、腐熟牛粪+牛沼液(F+Z)、蚯蚓粪(Q)、蚯蚓粪+牛沼液(Q+Z)6种施肥处理,每个处理5个重复,测定饲料桑连续3年的成活率、农艺性状、产量及品质。结果表明:与CK相比,各施肥处理对饲料桑成活率、株高、主枝茎粗、总枝条数、总叶片数、单株重、产量、粗蛋白含量均有促进作用,其中Q+Z处理的成活率、单株重、产量最高,3年的产量分别为2.53、21.81、42.14 t·hm^(−2)。模糊隶属函数均值法综合评价饲料桑饲用价值,Q+Z处理隶属函数均值最大。综上,在赣南稀土尾矿土壤施用牛沼液、腐熟牛粪、蚯蚓粪对饲料桑的成活率、农艺性状、产量及品质均有提升作用,最佳施肥处理为蚯蚓粪+牛沼液。This study was conducted to analyze the effects of different fertilization treatments on the survival rate,agronomic traits,yield,and quality of forage mulberry(Morus alba‘Yuesang No.11’)in the soil of rare earth tailings in South Jiangxi.A randomized field block design was used to set up six fertilizer treatments:control group(CK:no fertilization),cattle biogas liquid(Z),decomposed cattle dung(F),decomposed cattle dung+cattle biogas liquid(F+Z),vermicompost(Q),and vermicompost+cattle biogas liquid(Q+Z);each treatment had five replicates.The survival rate,agronomic traits,yield,and quality of forage mulberry were measured for three consecutive years.The results showed that,compared with CK,the other fertilization treatments increased the survival rate,plant height,main branch stem diameter,total branch number,total leaf number,plant weight,yield,and crude protein content of forage mulberry.The survival rate,plant weight,and yield of Q+Z treatment were the highest,with yields of 2.53,21.81,and 42.14 t·ha^(−1)in three years.The fuzzy membership function mean value method was used to comprehensively evaluate the feed value of forage mulberry.The Q+Z treatment had the highest mean membership function value.In conclusion,application of cattle biogas slurry,decomposed cattle dung,and vermicompost to soil rare earth tailings in southern Jiangxi improved the survival rate,agronomic traits,yield,and quality of forage mulberry.The best fertilization treatment was vermicompost+cattle biogas slurry.

关 键 词：稀土尾矿 饲料桑 蚯蚓粪 腐熟牛粪 牛沼液 成活率 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]