多目标优化的高渗透率电动汽车有序充电策略  

Multi-objective Optimized Ordered Charging of High Permeability Electric Vehicle Parks

作　　者：张芮华 马永翔[1] 闫群民[1] 孔志战 淡文国 ZHANG Ruihua;MA Yongxiang;YAN Qunmin;KONG Zhizhan;DAN Wenguo(School of Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710004,China;Ulanqab Electric Power Bureau Inner Mongolia,Ulanqab 012000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学电气工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省电力有限公司,陕西西安710004 [3]乌兰察布电业局,内蒙古乌兰察布012000

出　　处：《电工技术》2024年第6期26-31,共6页Electric Engineering

摘　　要：电动汽车作为一种新型负载,其大量无序充电行为给电网造成了压力,影响了电网的稳定和经济性,因此提出了一种基于分时电价的电动汽车有序充电策略。以电动汽车为研究主体,分析充电模式因素对电动汽车充电负荷的影响,并引用蒙特卡洛法对预测充电负荷进行计算。在此基础上,结合分时电价建立一个以负荷峰谷差最小和用户充电费用最低为目标的多目标模型,采用改进非支配排序遗传(NSGA-Ⅱ)算法对目标函数进行求解,对比不同渗透率下的优化结果。结果表明,该控制策略降低了充电成本、减小了峰谷差,实现了负荷曲线的“削峰填谷”,且随渗透率的增加,优化效果更为显著。The extensive and unregulated charging habits of electric vehicles,a novel form of load,have placed a strain on the power grid,impacting its economical and secure functioning.Thus this work studied and proposed a systematic electric vehicle charging method influenced by time-of-use electricity rates.The study focused on electric private cars,and examined the effects of various factors such as charging modes on charging load of these vehicles.By utilizing Monte Carlo method,a predicted charging load is computed.Furthermore,a multi-objective ordered charging model was suggested,which took into account time-of-use rates and of which minimum peak-valley load difference and lowest user charging cost were set as objectives.Using multi-objective genetic algorithm,the objective function was solved and the optimization results with different permeability were compared.The proposed method was shown capable of reducing charging costs and decreasing discrepancy between peak and valley,and thereby effective in enabling"peak shaving and valley filling"in the load curve.It was also observed that with the increase of permeability,the optimization effect became more significant.

关 键 词：电动汽车 有序充电 多目标优化 负荷调峰 NSGA-Ⅱ 峰谷电价 配网系统 优化策略 

分 类 号：TM715[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]