某低品位黏土型锂矿石的焙烧——无酸浸出试验研究  

Study on Roasting and Non-acid Leaching Test of a Low Grade Clay Type Lithium Ores

作　　者：刘洋[1] 童雄[1,2,3] 谢瑞琦 谢贤 宋强[1] 范培强 LIU Yang;TONG Xiong;XIE Ruiqi;XIE Xian;SONG Qiang;FAN Peiqiang(Faculty of Land Research Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Comprehensive Utilization of Metal Mine Tailings Resources,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources for Clean Utilization,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]金属矿尾矿资源绿色综合利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,云南昆明650093 [3]省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第3期112-116,共5页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52174252);云南省基础研究计划项目(编号:202201BE070001-016);昆明理工大学“双一流”科技专项(编号:202202AG050010)。

摘　　要：云南某低品位黏土型锂矿石含锂0.147%,为探究低能耗、环保的开发利用工艺,采用新型焙烧助剂ASH开展了低温焙烧—无酸浸出的提锂工艺研究,并结合XRD、SEM-EDS等分析手段阐述了反应机理。试验结果表明,在试样与ASH质量比为1∶0.3、焙烧温度为400℃、焙烧时间为1.0 h,去离子水浸出时间为2 h、浸出温度为70℃、液固比为5 m L/g条件下,锂浸出率为83.81%。机理分析显示,焙烧—浸出前后,样品中主要矿物相未发生变化,但衍射峰强度降低;经焙烧—浸出后,浸渣表面均匀分布着裂纹和空隙,Al、Si、Fe、Ti含量均有所降低。说明ASH与矿物发生反应,破坏了矿物的表面结构,生成了可溶性盐Li-ASH。与传统焙烧—浸出工艺相比,本研究所采用的提锂工艺焙烧温度低、浸出时无酸,降低了生产能耗、简化了工艺流程,对同类型低品位黏土型锂矿的绿色高效开发利用具有重要借鉴意义。This study investigates a novel low-temperature roasting and non-acid leaching lithium extraction process using a new roasting aid,ASH,for an extremely low-grade clay lithium ore in Yunnan,China,with a lithium content of 0.147%.The reaction mechanism was elucidated through X-ray Diffraction(XRD),Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),and other analysis methods.Experimental results demonstrated that under the conditions of a sample to ASH mass ratio of 1∶0.3,roasting temperature at 400℃,roasting time of 1.0 hour,deionized water as the leaching agent,leaching time of 2 hours,leaching temperature of 70℃,and liquid-solid ratio of 5 mL/g,the lithium leaching rate reached 83.81%.Mechanism analysis indicated that while the main mineral phases in the sample remained unchanged before and after roasting-leaching,the intensity of diffraction peaks decreased.Post roasting-leaching,the sample surface exhibited u-niform distribution of cracks and voids,along with decreased contents of Al,Si,Fe and Ti.This suggests a reaction between ASH and minerals,disrupting the mineral surface structure and generating soluble Li-ASH leachate.Compared to traditional roasting-leaching processes,this study′s lithium extraction process features lower roasting temperatures and acid-free leaching,reducing production energy consumption,simplifying the process flow,and offering significant insights for the green and effi-cient development and utilization of similar low-grade clay lithium ores.

关 键 词：黏土型锂矿 焙烧助剂ASH 低温焙烧 无酸浸出 

分 类 号：TD922[矿业工程—选矿] TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]