高温冲击对细叶结缕草幼苗生长和生理反应的影响  

Effects of high temperature shock on growth and physiological response of Zoysia tenuifolia seedlings

作　　者：邓力铭 李佳懿 刘金平[1] 穆文涛 银彩羽 DENG Liming;LI Jiayi;LIU Jinping;MU Wentao;YIN Caiyu(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2024年第2期88-92,共5页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：西华师范大学国培项目(17C046);四川省植物资源共享平台(TJPT20160021)资助。

摘　　要：依据亚热带地区夏季超高温出现及持续特点,设置5个高温梯度(36℃、38℃、40℃、42℃、44℃),对细叶结缕草幼苗进行30 d(2 h/d)冲击处理,通过测定株高、分蘖数、叶面积、生物量、叶绿素和生理活性物质含量等指标,研究高温冲击细叶结缕草幼苗生长和生理反应的影响。结果表明:1)高温冲击显著影响形态指标,≥38℃降低株高、叶数和总叶面积,≥40℃降低分蘖数,对形态指标影响大小为总叶面积>分蘖数>株高>叶数>叶厚。2)高温冲击显著影响生物量累积和分配,≥40℃降低总生物量和根冠比,生物量优先向地上部分分配。3)高温冲击显著影响叶绿素含量,≥38℃降低叶绿素a含量,≥40℃降低叶绿素b,叶绿素a/b受影响较小。4)高温冲击显著影响生理物质,温度越高SOD、POD活性和MDA、Pro含量越大,影响大小为MDA>POD>SOD>Pro>CAT,抗性物质含量对不同高温的响应差异较大。综上,高温冲击影响细叶结缕草生长、分生和光合能力,通过调节抗性物质抵抗高温伤害,可抵御44℃高温冲击安全越夏。Based on the climate characteristics of subtropical regions,five high temperature gradients(36℃,38℃,40℃,42℃,44℃)were set up to shock Zoysia tenuifolia seedlings for 30 days(2 h/d).The effects of the shocks on growth and physiological response of Z.tenuifolia seedlings were studied by measuring plant height,tiller number,leaf area,biomass,chlorophyll and physiological active substance content.The results showed that:(1)High temperature shock significantly affected the morphological indicators,with plant height,leaf number,and total leaf area decreased at≥38℃,but tiller number decreased at≥40℃.The impact on morphological indicators was as follows:total leaf area>tiller number>plant height>leaf number>leaf thickness.(2)High temperature shock significantly affected biomass accumulation and distribution,when≥40℃total biomass and root to shoot ratio decreased,with biomass preferentially distributed to the aboveground portion.(3)High temperature shock significantly affected chlorophyll content,with a decrease in chlorophyll a content at≥38℃ and a decrease in chlorophyll b at≥40℃,but chlorophyll a/b was less affected.(4)High temperature shock significantly affected physiological substances.The higher the temperature was,the greater the activity of SOD and POD was,as well as the content of MDA and Pro.The magnitude of the impact was MDA>POD>SOD>Pro>CAT.The response of resistant substance content to different high temperatures varies greatly.In summary,high temperature shock affected the growth,meristem,and photosynthetic capacity of Z.tenuifolia.By regulating resistant substances to resist high temperature damage,it can withstand 44℃high temperature shock and safely survive the summer.

关 键 词：细叶结缕草 高温 草坪草 生理 生长策略 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]