军事训练中膝关节交叉韧带损伤的调查分析及预防策略  

Investigation on cruciate ligament injury of knee joint during military training and its prevention strategy

作　　者：张蕊 杨玉兴 李俊 Zhang Rui;Yang Yuxing;Li Jun(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation,940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院中医康复科,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《海军医学杂志》2024年第3期226-230,共5页Journal of Navy Medicine

基　　金：军队中医药服务能力培育与提升专项(面上项目)课题(2021ZY036)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析军事训练导致膝关节交叉韧带损伤状况,制定相应的预防措施。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年1月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院中医康复科收治的150例军事训练引起膝关节交叉韧带损伤患者的临床资料,对前后交叉韧带损伤的构成比、左右膝交叉韧带损伤的构成比、交叉韧带损伤合并的其他部位损伤、常见引起交叉韧带损伤的军事训练项目进行分析。结果前交叉韧带损伤145例(96.67%),后交叉韧带损伤2例(1.33%),前后交叉韧带同时损伤3例(2.00%);前交叉韧带损伤构成比高于后交叉韧带损伤。左膝关节和右膝关节交叉韧带损伤各75例(50.00%)。交叉韧带损伤伴随半月板损伤96例(64.00%)、伴随侧副韧带损伤32例(21.33%)、伴随骨损伤19例(12.67%),前交叉韧带损伤无其他伴随损伤患者仅3例(2.00%);交叉韧带损伤合并半月板损伤的构成比高于合并侧副韧带损伤、合并骨损伤、无其他合并损伤的构成比。3 km和5 km长跑、木马训练、400 m障碍是引起交叉韧带损伤的军事训练的前3个项目。结论膝关节交叉韧带损伤导致军事训练官兵伤残,影响我军战斗力及官兵生活质量,应加强安全警示和掌握正确的训练方法以有效减少交叉韧带损伤的发生。Objective To investigate the cruciate ligament(CL)injury of the knee joint caused by military training on the basis of epidemiology,and make preventive measures.Methods Clinical data of 150 patients with CL injury caused by military training admitted to Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation,940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from January 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)and posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)injuries,the proportion of left and right knees involved,CL injury combined with other injuries,and common military training projects related to CL injury were analyzed.Results There were 145 ACL injuries(96.67%),2 PCL injuries(1.33%)and 3 ACL+PCL injuries(2.00%).The incidence of ACL injury was higher than that of PCL.There were 75 left knees and 75 right knees involved in CL injury.CL injury was usually accompanied by meniscus injury(96 cases,64.00%),collateral ligament injury(32 cases,21.33%)and accompanied by bone injury(19 cases,12.67%).Only 3 patients(2.00%)with ACL injury had no other accompanying injuries.The proportion of patients with CL injury combined with meniscus injury was higher than that of collateral ligament injury,bone injury,and no other injuries.Long⁃distance running(3 km or 5 km),horse training,and 400⁃meter obstacle were the top three military training related to CL injury.Conclusion The knee CL injury caused by military training seriously affects the combat effectiveness and quality of life of officers and soldiers.Safety warning and correct training methods can effectively reduce CL injury.

关 键 词：军事训练 交叉韧带损伤 流行病学 预防措施 

分 类 号：R684.7[医药卫生—骨科学]