24 Model在道路运输事故成因中的应用  

Application of 24 Model in the cause of road transportation accident

作　　者：刘晓露 梁志星 吴君安 严玉琼 张苏 LIU Xiaolu;LIANG Zhixing;WU Jun’an;YAN Yuqiong;ZHANG Su(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China;Fuzhou Haiying Port Co.,Fuzhou 350015,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与安全工程学院,福州350116 [2]福州海盈港务有限公司,福州350015

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2024年第2期185-192,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

摘　　要：为预防道路运输事故,基于事故致因“2-4”(24 Model)模型,对2015—2021年发生的215起道路运输事故的行为原因进行研究。从个人层面和组织层面分析导致事故发生的直接原因、间接原因、根本原因及其根源原因。结果表明:发生频次最多的不安全动作是驾驶员超速行驶(占10.67%);22.33%的道路运输事故存在管理者违章安排无资质员工上岗作业;管理者和领导者对57.67%的道路运输事故的发生有重要影响;由人为因素产生的不安全物态占比达71.53%;驾驶员、车辆安全生产管理制度欠缺或执行不到位在根本原因中尤为突出(占20.92%)。基于此,提出道路运输事故预防对策并构建出道路运输系统各因素关系图。The behavioral reasons for 215 road transport accidents occurring between 2015 and 2021 were investigated to prevent road transport accidents with the 24 Model.The direct causes,indirect causes,radical causes and their root causes were analyzed from the individual level and organizational level.The results show that the most frequent unsafe action is speeding(10.67%).22.33%of road transport accidents are resulted from the managers illegally arranging unqualified employees to work;Managers and leaders have a significant impact on 57.67%of road transport accidents.The unsafe state caused by human factors accounted for 71.53%;The lack of driver and vehicle safety management system or implementation is particularly prominent among the root causes(20.92%).Based on this,safety countermeasures for accident prevention are proposed,and a relationship diagram of the factors in the road transportation system is constructed.

关 键 词：汽车主动安全 道路运输事故 事故致因 “2-4”模型(24 Model) 对策 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]