中国居民身体活动水平与高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的关系分析  

Relationship between physical activity level and hypertension,diabetes or dyslipidemia in China

作　　者：胡建功 张梅[3] 孔超 李纯[3] 张笑[3] 赵振平[3] 黄正京[3] 王丽敏[3] HU Jiangong;ZHANG Mei;KONG Chao;LI Chun;ZHANG Xiao;ZHAO Zhenping;HUANG Zhengjing;WANG Limin(Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Health Education Department of Shunyi District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050 [2]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心健康教育科,北京101300 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室,北京100050 [4]山东省济宁市曲阜市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2024年第2期90-94,99,共6页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1311702,2018YFC1311706);国家重大公共卫生服务项目。

摘　　要：目的 了解中国≥18岁居民身体活动水平情况及其与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常的关系,为中国居民慢性病防治措施和策略的制定提供参考依据。方法 数据源于2018年中国慢性病及危险因素监测,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)≥18岁常住居民175 389人为研究对象。进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。使用SPSS 25.0软件进行基于复杂抽样设计的Rao-Scottχ^(2)检验、多重线性回归分析和无序多分类logistic回归分析。结果 中国成年居民身体活动低水平、中等水平和高水平的比例分别为24.7%、25.9%和49.4%。多重线性回归分析结果显示,在新诊断为高血压人群中,与身体活动高水平组相比,身体活动低水平组收缩压、舒张压分别增加0.440和0.288 mmHg;在新诊断为糖尿病的人群中,身体活动低水平组空腹血糖和口服糖耐量试验服糖后2 h血糖分别增加0.117和0.439 mmol/L;血脂异常人群中,相对于身体活动高水平组,低、中等水平组的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均减少,其低水平组减少得相对更明显。无序多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,调整混杂因素后,身体活动低、中等水平与新诊断高血压(OR值分别为1.059、1.039)、新诊断糖尿病(OR值分别为1.219、1.185)和血脂异常(OR值分别为1.112、1.066)高风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且低水平组的OR值均高于中等水平组。结论 身体活动水平与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患病存在关联。科学合理、适时适量地提高居民的身体活动水平有助于预防高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的发生。Objective To understand the relationship between physical activity level and hypertension,diabetes or dyslipidemia in Chinese residents(≥18 years old),and provide the referen.for the prevention and control measures and strategies of chronic diseases in Chinese residents.Methods The data were from the National Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance in China in 2018.The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 175389 permanent residents(≥18 years old)from 31 provinces(autonomous region and municipality)as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test.Rao-Scottχ2 test based on a complex sampling design,multiple linear regression analysis and disordered multi-classification logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 25.0.Results The proportion of Chinese adult residents with low level,medium level and high level of physical activity was 24.7%,25.9%and 49.4%,respectively.The multiple linear regression analysis showed that as compared with physical activity high level group,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased 0.440 and 0.288 mmHg in new diagnosed hypertension subjects with physical activity low level group;fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test 2 h plasma glucose increased 0.177 and 0.439 mmol/L in new diagnosed diabetes subjects with physical activity low level group;triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in dyslipidemia with physical activity low and medium levels groups,specially in low physical activity level group.The disordered multi-classification logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting the confounding factors,low and medium levels of physical activity related to high risk of new diagnosed hypertension(OR values were 1.059 and 1.039),new diagnosed diabetes(OR values were 1.219 and 1.158)and dyslipidemia(OR values were 1.112 and 1.066),P<0.01;moreover th

关 键 词：身体活动 高血压 糖尿病 血脂异常 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R587.1[医药卫生—内科学] R589.2[医药卫生—临床医学]