基于专利文献的颠覆性技术识别框架研究——以绿氢行业为例  

Study on Measurement Framework of Disruptive Technology Based on Patent Literature:A Case Study of Green Hydrogen Patents

作　　者：李文清 齐晓曼 庄子艾 袁银池 陈赟[2] 陆娇[2] LI Wenqing;QI Xiaoman;ZHUANG Ziyi;YUAN Yingchi;CHEN Yun;LU Jiao(Shanghai Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid,Shanghai 200031,China;Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]国网上海市电力公司电力科学研究院,上海200031 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心,中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所,上海200031

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2024年第2期226-238,共13页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目“基于专利分析的新型电力系统颠覆性技术识别框架与实证分析研究”(52094022003Q)。

摘　　要：新一轮科技革命背景下,全球颠覆性技术创新方兴未艾,各国政府、产业界和学术界也积极寻求有效识别颠覆性技术的方法和路径。专利作为传递技术信息最有效的媒介,在识别颠覆性技术方面发挥着重要作用。本文依托专利文献,结合颠覆性技术的特点,首先从技术突破的角度,筛选出潜在的颠覆性技术清单;然后从技术新创性、技术扩散性和技术影响力三个维度构建技术颠覆性程度的测度体系,并运用层次分析法赋权,提出一套系统的颠覆性技术识别框架,用于从某个特定产业中识别技术颠覆性程度。本文选取绿氢行业对该模型开展了实证研究,并结合颠覆性技术识别框架对绿氢行业的技术进行分析,发现该行业中“太阳能制氢-供电”“生物制氢”“汽车应用”等是颠覆性潜力较高的领域。通过对初筛技术主题的相关调研,验证了该方法对潜在颠覆性技术的前瞻性预测有效。In the context of a new round of technological revolution,global disruptive technological innovations are flourishing.Governments,industries,and academia of various countries are actively seeking effective methods and pathways to identify disruptive technologies.Patents,as the most effective carriers of technological information,have been widely applied in the identification of disruptive technologies.A measurement framework is developed for characterizing potentially disruptive technologies using patent indicators,based on patent data.First,a list of potential disruptive technologies is selected through the analysis of technological breakthroughs.Then a measurement system for the degree of technological disruption is constructed using three dimensions:technological novelty,technological diffusion,and technological impact.This model is used to identify the degree of disruptive technologies within a specific industry.In this article,the green hydrogen industry is selected for empirical research using the proposed model.The disruptive potential of technologies in the green hydrogen industry is analyzed using the framework for identifying disruptive technologies.It is found that“solar hydrogen production and supply”,“biological hydrogen production”and“automotive applications”are areas with relatively high disruptive potential in this industry.Through relevant research on the initially screened technological themes,the validity of this method in prospectively predicting potential disruptive technologies is verified.

关 键 词：颠覆性技术 识别框架 专利文献 绿氢 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工] G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学]