自然保护地野生动物监测技术应用现状及研发需求  

Current application and research demand of wildlife resource monitoring technology in natural protected areas,China

作　　者：王宇航 龚明昊[1,2] 文菀玉 刘刚 李惠鑫[1,2] WANG Yuhang;GONG Minghao;WEN Wanyu;LIU Gang;LI Huixin(Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Institute of Wetland Research,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091 [2]湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《国家公园（中英文）》2024年第3期166-175,共10页Natinonal Park

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2023ZA005-4);国家自然科学基金青年项目(42001103)。

摘　　要：生物多样性监测是了解资源动态、掌握保护对象生存状况和保护成效的主要途径,也是建设和管理国家公园及保护地的主要手段,其技术状况反映其管理能力和科技水平。较其他行业和林草行业其他领域,野生动物资源监测工作的技术较为滞后,相关技术缺陷一定程度上制约了国家公园及保护地监测工作的开展。围绕主要野生动物监测技术的发展进行综述,对已有技术缺陷的总结和评估,提出利用信息技术、人工智能技术赋能国家公园和保护地监测技术的研发思路,建议将系统地整合现有监测技术,并将自由定位、空间测量、自动记录和传输等作为主要性能及指标。在此基础上,针对已有智能监测技术存在的问题和使用缺陷,提出了构建以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系中野生动物资源监测中需要考着重考虑的问题,以期为国家公园和保护地动物资源监测技术研发提供参考,推动监测工作有序开展,助力高质量发展。Biodiversity monitoring,considered a primary method for understanding resource dynamics,recognizing the survival status of conservation objects,and assessing conservation outcomes,plays a vital role in constructing and managing national parks and reserves.The technological state in this area is an indicator of management capability and scientific proficiency.Wildlife resource monitoring technology lags behind in comparison to other industries and other domains within forestry.The limitations of the current technologies to some extent hinder the progress of monitoring tasks in national parks and reserves.An overview of the development of primary wildlife monitoring technologies has been provided,with existing technical deficiencies summarized and evaluated.Subsequently,strategies for developing monitoring technologies for national parks and reserves using information technology and artificial intelligence have been presented.It is advised to systematically integrate existing monitoring technologies,and consider free positioning,spatial measuring,automatic recording,and transmission as main performance indicators.Based on this,considering the issues and usage deficiencies of existing intelligent monitoring technologies,crucial considerations for wildlife resource monitoring in a natural reserve system-primarily composed of national parks-have been proposed.The aim is to provide a reference for the research and development of animal resource monitoring technologies in national parks and protected areas,and promote orderly conduct and high-quality development of monitoring work.

关 键 词：生物多样性 野生动物调查 自然保护区 监测系统 移动端应用 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]