拉压复合型锚杆锚固机理的数值及模型试验应用研究  

Numerical and model experimental application study on the anchoring mechanism of tensile and compression composite anchor rods

作　　者：杨林 朱训国[1,2] 夏洪春[1,2] 杨帅 YANG Lin;ZHU Xunguo;XIA Hongchun;YANG Shuai(College of Architectural Engineering,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China;Key Laboratory of Disaster Prediction and Control of Complex Structure System,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China)

机构地区：[1]大连大学建筑工程学院,辽宁大连116622 [2]大连大学复杂结构系统灾害预测防治重点实验室,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2024年第1期132-142,共11页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374045);辽宁振兴人才计划资助项目(XLYC1807219);大连大学省重点实验室平台基金资助项目(202101ZD02);大连大学科研创新创业团队资助项目(XQN202002)。

摘　　要：针对全长注浆锚杆在深部隧洞中支护作用的局限性,为有效控制隧洞围岩变形、增强锚杆承载性能,本文采用有限元数值模拟法深入研究拉压复合型锚杆支护结构在岩石隧道加固过程中受到拉拔荷载作用下的界面失效特征及力学传递机制,并将锚杆应用在超载模型试验中,探究锚杆的支护性能。研究结果表明:锚固体与围岩相互作用接触界面的力学演化共经历了弹性阶段、塑性软化阶段、完全滑移阶段的渐进式失效过程。界面剪切力的传递也是从拉拔荷载较小时出现在承载板处,随拉拔荷载增大,向锚固段两侧转移,呈现双峰趋势。根据锚杆界面剪切力分布规律,提出了复合锚杆在低荷载和高荷载拉拔作用下的剪切力分布模型,此模型具有普遍性,进行的室内超载模型试验得出复合锚杆支护效果优于普通锚杆的结论,此研究可为复合锚杆在深埋隧洞等地下工程中的应用提供一定的参考价值。In view of the limitation of the supporting effect of the full-length grouting anchor in the deep tunnel,in order to effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and enhance the bearing capacity of the anchor,this paper uses the finite element numerical simulation method to study the interface failure characteristics and mechanical transmission mechanism of the tension-compression composite anchor support structure under the pull-out load the reinforcement of the rock tunnel,and applies the anchor to the overload model test to explore the supporting performance of the anchor.The results show that the mechanical evolution of the contact interface between anchorage body and surrounding rock has experienced the progressive failure process of elastic stage,plastic softening stage and slip stage.The transfer of shear force at the interface also appears at the bearing plate from the small drawing load,and transfers to both sides of the anchorage section with the increase of the drawing load,showing a bimodal trend.According to the shear stress distribution law of the bolt interface,the shear stress distribution model of composite bolt at low load and high load drawing is put forward.This model is universal.The indoor overloading model test shows that the supporting effect of composite bolt is better than that of ordinary bolt.This study can value for the application of composite bolt in underground engineering such as deep tunnel.

关 键 词：拉压复合型锚杆 渐进失效 界面力学演化 数值模拟 模型试验 

分 类 号：TD350[矿业工程—矿井建设]