阳澄湖入湖河道分类、污染特征分析及治理策略  

Classification,pollution characteristics and treatment strategy of the inflow rivers into Lake Yangcheng

作　　者：刘帅 谢茂嵘 吕文[1] 宋娜[2] 杨惠[1] 杨文晶[1] 姜宇[1] 白瑞泉 沈逸 史书 杨金艳[1] Liu Shuai;Xie Maorong;Lv Wen;Song Na;Yang Hui;Yang Wenjing;Jiang Yu;Bai Ruiquan;Shen Yi;Shi Shu;Yang Jinyan(Suzhou Branch of Jiangsu Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey,Suzhou 215011,P.R.China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省水文水资源勘测局苏州分局,苏州215011 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2024年第3期741-755,共15页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：江苏省苏州市水利水务科技项目(2020001,2021006,2022002);苏州市科技发展计划(社会发展科技创新)面上项目(2022SS22)联合资助。

摘　　要：为进一步揭示阳澄湖入湖河道的污染物来源,提出相应的治理对策,以2017—2021年阳澄湖入湖河道水质监测数据为基础进行分析讨论。依据入湖水量选取10条主要入湖河道进行分析,其中位于阳澄湖东岸的白曲港在七浦塘拓浚工程建成之前主导流向为出湖,工程建成后,通过Pearson相关分析证实了其流向与七浦塘引水时的水力关系,因此白曲港被选为主要入湖河道。采用距平系数法、系统聚类法和物元分析法将阳澄湖主要入湖河道分为3个类别:第1类别包括白荡、蠡塘河、北河泾、永昌泾4条河道,第2类别包括渭泾塘、界泾和施家斗港3条河道,第3类别包括南消泾、七浦塘和白曲港3条河道。使用因子分析法进行因子分析,第1类别河道的因子为高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、溶解氧(DO)和总磷(TP),第2类别河道的污染因子为NH_(3)-N、总氮(TN)、pH、TP和DO,第3类别河道的污染因子为pH、TP、TN和DO。通过对上游河道水质情况分析、文件研究以及实地调查等方式得出第1类别河道区域的污染源主要为工业污染源和生活污染源,第2类别河道区域污染源主要为工业污染源与种植业污染源,第3类别河道污染源主要为陆地水产养殖污染源与种植业污染源。针对总体污染源情况,建议通过控制点源污染、削减面源污染、增强上游河道治理、开展生态治理修复以及加强巡查监管等方式对各类别河道区域进行针对性治理,以提高入湖河道水质,为阳澄湖的系统性和整体性治理打好基础。In order to further reveal the source of pollutants in the inflow rivers into Lake Yangcheng and put forward corresponding countermeasures,this paper analyzed and discussed the water quality monitoring data of the inflow rivers into Lake Yangcheng from^(2)017 to 2021.According to the water quantity into the lake,10 main rivers were selected for analysis.Among them,Baiqu Port,located on the east bank of Lake Yangcheng,which was the main outflow direction before the completion of the Qiputang dredging project,was selected as the main inflow river after the completion of the project,confirmed by hydraulic relationship between its flow direction and Qiputang diversion with Pearson correlation analysis.By using anomaly coefficient method,system clustering method and matter-element analysis method,the main inflow rivers of Lake Yangcheng were divided into three categories.The first category included four rivers:Baidang River,Litang River,Beihejing River and Yongchangjing River.The second category included three rivers:Weijingtang River,Jiejing River and Shijiadougang River.The third category included three rivers:Nanxiaojing River,Qiputang River and Baiqugang River.Factor analysis method showed that the factors of the first category of rivers were COD_(Mn),NH_(3)-N,DO and TP level,the pollution factors of the second category of rivers were NH_(3)-N,TN,pH,TP and DO level,and the pollution factors of the third category of rivers were pH,TP,TN and DO level.Through the analysis of the water quality of the upstream river,document research,field investigation and other methods,it was concluded that the pollution sources in the first category of river areas were mainly industrial pollution sources and domestic pollution sources,the pollution sources in the second category of river areas were mainly industrial pollution sources and planting pollution sources,and the third category of river pollution areas were mainly land aquaculture pollution sources and planting pollution sources.In view of the overall pollution sources,it w

关 键 词：阳澄湖 入湖河道 系统聚类 物元分析 因子分析 污染源 河道治理 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]