考虑空间尺度效应的云南异龙湖流域主要入湖河流污染源解析  

Pollution sources of main rivers inflowing into Lake Yilong in Yunnan Province considering spatial scale effect

作　　者：袁梦祥 赵洛琪 高雨晗 黄律 马旭东 沈春节 刘嫦娥 付登高 段昌群 Yuan Mengxiang;Zhao Luoqi;Gao Yuhan;Huang Lv;Ma Xudong;Shen Chunjie;Liu Chang e;Fu Denggao;Duan Changqun(Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,P.R.China;Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management,Yunnan Think Tank for Ecological Civilization Construction,Kunming 650091,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省高原山地生态与退化环境修复重点实验室,云南大学生态学与环境学院,昆明650091 [2]云南省高原湖泊生态修复及流域管理国际联合研究中心暨云南省生态文明建设智库,昆明650091

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2024年第3期770-781,共12页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技重点研发计划项目(202203AC100002);云南省科技基础研究计划项目(202201BF070001-002);云南省基础研究计划重点项目(202301AS070038)联合资助。

摘　　要：定量解析污染源对水质影响的贡献是水环境精细化管理的重要基础。目前多通过水质和土地利用类型的关系以解析水体污染源的研究,忽略了空间尺度的差异性,引发景观配置不合理的后果。为此,本研究依据考虑空间尺度效应的污染源解析方法,基于异龙湖流域3条主要入湖河流的入湖口监测断面对雨季和旱季的水质数据进行研究。同时利用绝对主成分—多元线性回归模型(APCS-MLR)和bioenv分析揭示河道不同尺度缓冲区的土地利用变化对水质的影响并解析河流主要污染源。研究结果表明:(1)异龙湖主要入湖河流水质表现出季节性差异,旱季期间3条主要入湖河流的浊度、化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、总磷(TP)和总氮(TN)浓度平均值相比于雨季减幅分别为39.53%、39.93%、94.48%、38.29%和1.72%。其中,入湖河流水体中的TN在旱季和雨季的超标率分别为58%和74%,成为首要污染物;(2)在旱季,20 m缓冲区尺度内河流水质受耕地和裸地占比影响较大,随着空间尺度的扩大,至50~300 m缓冲区尺度时建设用地、林地及水体占比对水质的影响增加;在雨季,COD_(Cr)、NH_(3)-N、TP和TN受20~300 m缓冲区尺度下建设用地占比及200~300 m缓冲区尺度下的水体占比影响,溶解氧受20 m缓冲区尺度内建设用地占比及50~300 m缓冲区尺度下耕地占比影响;(3)异龙湖流域主要入湖河流在旱季的主要污染源是20 m缓冲区尺度内的裸地、20~100 m缓冲区尺度下的耕地、50~300 m缓冲区尺度下的建设用地以及100~300 m缓冲区尺度下的基塘—水库水体;雨季的主要污染源是20~300 m缓冲区尺度下的建设用地、200~300 m缓冲区尺度下的水库—基塘以及50~300 m缓冲区尺度下的耕地。本研究在污染源解析过程中提出考虑不同河道缓冲区的空间尺度,在一定程度上可以克服受体模型的主观性,提高污染源识别和分配的准确性。研究结果可以�Quantitative analysis on influence of pollution sources on water quality is an important basis for fine management of water environment.Currently,the pollution sources of water body are mostly studied through the relationship between water quality and land-use type,which ignores the differentiation of spatial scales and results in the consequence of inappropriate landscape configuration.For this reason,this work surveyed the water quality of three main rivers inflowing into Lake Yilong at the entrance monitoring section in rainy season and dry season with the pollution source analysis method considering spatial scale effect.Besides,this work studied the influence of land use change in buffer areas of different scales of river way on water quality with absolute principal component-multivariate linear regression(APCS-MLR)and bioenv and analyzes the main pollution sources of river.The research results showed that:(1)The water quality of main rivers inflow into Lake Yilong showed a seasonal difference.The average values of turbidity,chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Cr))as well as the concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),total phosphorus(TP)and total nitrogen(TN)in dry season decrease by 39.53%,39.93%,94.48%,38.29%and 1.72%respectively compared with that in rainy season.The over standard rate of TN in rivers inflow into Lake Yilong in dry season and rainy season were 58%and 74%respectively,so TN was the primary pollutant;(2)In dry season,the proportion of farmland and bare land had a great influence on the water quality of rivers in 20 m buffer area scale.As the spatial scale increased to 50-300 m buffer area scale,the influence of proportion of construction land,forest and water body on water quality increased;in rainy season,COD_(Cr),NH_(3)-N,TP and TN were influenced by construction land proportion in 20-300 m buffer area scale and water body proportion in 200-300 m buffer area scale.DO was influenced by construction land proportion in 20 m buffer area scale and farmland proportion in 50-300 m buffer area scale;(

关 键 词：绝对主成分多元线性回归 水质分异特征 土地利用 “源”“汇”景观理论 异龙湖 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]