考虑材料应变率效应的冲击响应模型相似律研究  

Comparability Rule of Impact Dynamic Responses Considering Strain Rate Effect in Materials

作　　者：王傲寒 王帅 李继承[1,2] WANG Aohan;WANG Shuai;LI Jicheng(Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Sichuan Mianyang 621999,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures,Sichuan Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621999 [2]工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2024年第4期55-61,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院院长基金自强项目(YZJJZQ2023010);四川省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(2023NSFSC1913);国家国防科技工业局科研专项项目(KJSP2023020304)。

摘　　要：目的研究考虑材料应变率效应的冲击响应模型相似律,获得一个能够综合材料弹塑性和应变率效应的精确相似解,支撑工程领域的模型试验。方法根据BuckinghamП定理,综合考虑材料的弹性、应变硬化和应变率效应,进一步推导了工程结构在冲击响应的模型相似律表达式。在此基础上,提出改变结构质量和冲击器速度来满足模型相似律的方法。结果相比最近冲击模型相似律的研究中存在近似相似、迭代求解的缺陷,该方法是一个显式、完全精确的相似解,并且能够同时考虑材料的弹性、应变硬化和应变率效应。采用圆板撞击的有限元数值模型进行了验证。结论推导出的模型相似律能够准确地预测原型的动态冲击的响应。相比而言,使用以往的相似方法具有明显的误差。The work aims to investigate the comparability rule of impact dynamic responses considering strain rate effect in materials and obtain an accurate solution that can synthesize the elastic-plastic and strain rate effects of materials,to support the model test in engineering.Considering the elasticity,strain hardening effect and strain rate effect of materials,the comparability rule expressions of impact dynamic responses were derived based on Buckingham П Ptheorem.On this basis,the method of changing the structure mass and impactor velocity to satisfy the similar conditions of the model was proposed.Compared with the recent model comparability rules with the weakness of approximate similarity and iterative solution,the proposed comparability rule was a direct and accurate solution and further took both the elastic-plastic and strain rate effects of materials into account.The numerical model of circular plate under impactor was used for verification.The model derived can accurately predict the dynamic response of the prototype model.Comparatively,there are usually obvious prediction errors when previous similar methods are adopted.

关 键 词：应变率 模型相似律 相似 缩比 冲击 模化方程 

分 类 号：O303[理学—力学]