人工唾液的研究进展  

Research progress on artificial saliva

作　　者：甄亚斐 彭显[1] 应斌武[2] 张平 周学东[1] 廖玍[1] Zhen Yafei;Peng Xian;Ying Binwu;Zhang Ping;Zhou Xuedong;Liao Ga(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&West China School of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Dept.of Laboratory Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室、国家口腔医学中心、国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心、四川大学华西口腔医学院,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院实验医学科,成都610041

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2024年第3期353-361,共9页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32371523,32071462)。

摘　　要：唾液是一种微酸性口腔液,主要由水构成,含有少量无机离子和丰富的蛋白质,这些成分使其具有特殊的流变学和生物学性质,赋予其丰富的生物学功能,对维持口腔及全身健康起重要作用。唾液减少或成分改变会导致口干症,易引发一系列口腔健康失衡,如口腔灼热,味觉改变,言语、咀嚼和吞咽困难,还会增加患龋病和牙周病等风险,严重影响患者生活质量。口干症的患病率约为20%,且患病率随年龄增长而增加,75岁以上老年人群的患病率约为50%。随着老龄化人口的增加,口干及其并发症已引发不可忽视的健康负担。人工唾液是开发用于模仿天然唾液生物学性质和功能的口腔护理产品,是对症治疗口干症的重要方法之一。安全、有效的人工唾液,对维护老年人口腔健康具有积极作用和市场前景。开发人工唾液首先要全面认识天然唾液的特性。本文系统介绍了天然唾液的成分及生物学功能,并详细描述了人工唾液的流变学行为、摩擦学性质、生物学特性以及临床应用性能等内容,以期为新型人工唾液的开发提供帮助。Saliva is a slightly acidic oral fluid,which is primarily composed of water.It also contains a small amount of inorganic ions and rich proteins,which results in its special rheological and biological properties,good biological functions,and important role in maintaining oral and systemic health.Xerostomia caused by decreased saliva flow or altered saliva composition can lead to clinically serious oral health imbalances,manifested by burning in the mouth;changes in taste;difficulty in speaking,chewing,and swallowing;and an increased risk of dental caries and periodontal disease,which seriously affect the quality of life of patients.The prevalence of xerostomia is approximately 20%,which increases to about 50%in the elderly population aged>75 years.With the increase in the aging population,xerostomia has caused a health burden that cannot be ignored.Artificial saliva is an oral care product developed to mimic the properties and functions of natural saliva,which is an important method of symptomatic treatment of xerostomia.Safe and effective artificial saliva has a positive effect and application potential in maintaining the oral health of the elderly.The development of artificial saliva begins with a comprehensive understanding of the properties of natural saliva.This review systematically depicted the composition and biological functions of natural saliva and described in detail the rheological behavior,tribological properties,biological characteristics,and clinical application performance of artificial saliva to promote the development of novel artificial saliva.

关 键 词：唾液 人工唾液 流变学行为 摩擦学性质 生物学特性 临床应用 

分 类 号：R333.1[医药卫生—人体生理学]