中国城市低碳发展与制造业企业投入服务化转型  

The City Low-carbon Development in China and Manufacturing Enterprises Input Transforming to Servitization

作　　者：张硕 张鹏杨 张瀚元 刘蕙嘉 Zhang Shuo;Zhang Pengyang;Zhang Hanyuan;Liu Huijia(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Beijing Research Center,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,100083 [2]北京工业大学经济与管理学院,100124 [3]北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心,100124

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2024年第4期168-187,共20页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心重点项目(22LLZZB017);国家自然科学基金面上项目“全球生产网络下贸易保护政策实施的协同性研究:成因、效果与治理”(72273009);教育部人文社科规划一般项目“世界动荡变革期中国企业全球供应链韧性的测度与提升路径研究”(22YJA790089)的资助。

摘　　要：制造业投入服务化转型是破解企业全球价值链“低端锁定”和实现国际价值链攀升的关键。本文通过构建区分投入要素的一般均衡模型明确了环境规制对企业投入要素调整的作用与机制,并基于中国工业企业数据、海关数据及国家间投入产出数据测度了制造业企业投入服务化水平,以低碳城市试点政策作为研究城市低碳发展的准自然实验,检验了中国城市低碳发展对制造业企业投入服务化转型的影响。研究发现:(1)城市低碳发展显著增强了制造业企业的投入服务化,对资本、技术密集型行业企业和东部地区企业的影响尤为显著;(2)城市低碳发展呈现出了较强的环境规制约束力,一方面倒逼企业的创新和技术升级,另一方面提升城市的服务业发展水平,这是城市低碳发展促进制造企业投入服务化转型的重要机制;(3)进一步拓展分析表明城市低碳发展促进了制造业企业生产中服务要素投入对其他要素的替代,以及推动了企业出口产品向以服务要素投入依赖为特征的高技术产品转换。本文研究为促进制造业转型升级和实现制造业服务业“两业”融合发展提供了重要的理论参考。The manufacturing input transforming to servitization is the key to breaking the"lowend lock"in the global value chain and climbing the international value chain of enterprises.This paper constructs a general equilibrium model differentiating input factors to clarify the effect and mechanism of enterprise input factor adjustment under environmental regulation.And based on Chinese industrial enterprises data,customs data and national input-output data,this paper measures manufacturing enterprises input transforming to servitization and then takes low-carbon cities pilot policy as a"quasi-natural experiment"to research the impact of city low-carbon development on the manufacturing enterprises input transforming to servitization.The results show that:(1)The city low-carbon development has significantly improved the manufacturing enterprises input transforming to servitization,especially for enterprises of capital and technologyintensive industry and eastern region;(2)The city low-carbon development presents a strong binding force of environmental regulation,which forces enterprises to innovate and upgrade technology,and enhances the development of the city's service industry.Theseare important mechanisms for promoting manufacturing enterprises input transforming to servitization through city low-carbon development;(3)Further analysis shows that the city low-carbon development promotes the substitution of service factor input for other factors in the production of manufacturing enterprises,and promotes the conversion of enterprise export products to high-tech products which are dependent on service factor input.This paper provides an important theoretical reference for promoting the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and realizing the manufacturing and service industry integration.

关 键 词：城市低碳发展 制造企业投入服务化 环境规制 技术升级 “两业”融合 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F425[经济管理—产业经济] F124.5