深耕对小麦生长及小麦茎基腐病发生的影响  

Effects of deep tillage on wheat growth and the occurrence of wheat crown rot

作　　者：吴艳辉 崔立平 王亚楠 李娜 古东月 何国庆 常佳迎 张娜[1] 杨文香[1] Wu Yanhui;Cui Liping;Wang Yanan;Li Na;Gu Dongyue;He Guoqing;Chang Jiaying;Zhang Na;Yang Wenxiang(Department of Plant Pathology,College of Plant Protection,Agricultural University of Hebei Technological/Innovation Center for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province/National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Area,Baoding Hebei 071001,China;Hebei Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Shijiazhaung Hebei 050035,China;Hebei Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Shijiazhaung Hebei 050035,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guantao,Guantao Hebei 057750,China;Information Center,Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Handan,Handan Hebei 056002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治技术创新中心/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001 [2]河北省农业技术推广总站,河北石家庄050035 [3]河北省植保植检总站,河北石家庄050035 [4]河北省馆陶县农业农村局,河北馆陶057750 [5]河北省邯郸市农业农村局信息中心,河北邯郸056002

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2024年第3期52-56,96,共6页China Plant Protection

基　　金：河北省产业体系小麦创新团队(HBCT20230102045);河北省重点研发项目(19226507D);国家重点研发项目(2017YFD020170700)。

摘　　要：由于秸秆不断还田,由镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)引起的小麦茎基腐病呈逐渐加重趋势,已经成为小麦生产的重要威胁之一。为探索高效管理该类病害的方法,以中强筋小麦品种师栾02-1和常规品种石新828为测试品种,分析了深耕30 cm对小麦生长、小麦茎基腐病发生以及产量的影响。结果发现,深耕30 cm处理的两个品种在秋苗期和起身期的根长及分蘖数较旋耕15 cm处理均显著增加,在成株期的穗数及产量也有所增加,且两个品种的茎基腐发病情况在苗期、起身期和灌浆期均明显减轻。深耕30 cm技术明显促进了小麦苗期生长量,减轻了小麦茎基腐病害的发生,显著提高了小麦产量,是利于小麦健康、绿色生产的农作方法。Due to the continuous return of straw to the field and changes in global climate conditions,the wheat crown rot caused by Fusarium spp.has been gradually aggravated,which has become one of the important threats to wheat production.In order to explore effective management methods to prevent and control this disease,Shiluan 02-1 and Shixin 828 were selected as test varieties to analyze the effects of deep tillage on the occurrence of wheat crown rot,wheat growth,and yield.The results showed that the 30cm-deep tillage treatment significantly increased the root length and tiller number in the autumn seedling stage and erect growth stage of the two varieties,as well as the spike number and yield in the ripening stage,as compared with the 15cm-deep rotary tillage treatment.Meanwhile,the incidence of crown rot in the two cultivars decreased significantly at the seedling stage,erect growth stage,and filling stage.Tillage at 30cm depth clearly promoted the growth of wheat seedlings,reduced the occurrence of wheat crown rot,and significantly increased wheat yield,which is beneficial to the healthy and green production of wheat.

关 键 词：小麦茎基腐病 秸秆还田 深耕 病害防控 

分 类 号：S435.121.49[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]