海州湾秋季矛尾虾虎鱼的摄食生态  

Feeding ecology of Chaeturichthys stigmatias duringautumn in Haizhou Bay

作　　者：陈晓琳 陈皖 徐宾铎[1,3] 张崇良 纪毓鹏[1,3] 任一平 薛莹[1,3] CHEN Xiaolin;CHEN Wan;XU Binduo;ZHANG Chongliang;JI Yupeng;REN Yiping;XUE Ying(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,Shandong,China;Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,Shandong,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]崂山实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第4期961-969,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772852);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MD096)资助。

摘　　要：对鱼类摄食生态开展研究是了解其生长发育、个体行为的重要途径,也是分析食物网结构和水生生态系统功能的关键。矛尾虾虎鱼是海州湾渔业生态系统中的主要鱼类之一,在营养结构研究中具有较大的生态价值。本研究基于2018年秋季海州湾底拖网调查采集的样本,结合胃含物分析方法和碳、氮稳定同位素技术,对海州湾矛尾虾虎鱼的摄食生态特性进行了分析。结果表明:海州湾矛尾虾虎鱼主要摄食的饵料类群是蛇尾类和虾类,优势饵料生物是马氏刺蛇尾、紫蛇尾、萨氏真蛇尾、对虾科种类和日本鼓虾。矛尾虾虎鱼的δ^(13)C值范围为-19.39‰~-15.74‰,平均值为(-18.07±0.87)‰,与体长无显著相关性;δ^(15)N值范围为8.16‰~12.86‰,平均值为(10.14±1.51)‰,与体长呈显著正相关。各体长组矛尾虾虎鱼营养级范围为3.32~4.20,平均值为3.74±0.34,营养级与体长呈显著正相关,各类群饵料生物贡献率差异较大。通过结构方程模型分析发现,矛尾虾虎鱼的摄食强度主要受到体长、底层盐度、底层温度和水深的影响,尤其体长与摄食强度之间存在显著的正相关关系。结合稳定同位素和胃含物分析方法可以全面解析海州湾矛尾虾虎鱼的摄食生态,为海州湾营养结构研究及资源养护提供基础资料和科学依据。Research about feeding ecology of fish is important to understand individual behavior and population development,which is also the basic to analyze trophic structure and function of aquatic ecosystems.Chaetrichthys stigmatias is one of the key species in the Haizhou Bay fisheries ecosystem,which has critical ecological niche within the food web.In this study,we collected samples through bottom trawl surveys during the fall of 2018 in the Haizhou Bay,and analyzed the feeding ecology of C.stigmatias based on both stomach content analysis and stable isotope technology.The results showed that the primary diet groups for C.stigmatias were Ophiuroidea and Shrimp,including Ophiothrix marenzelleri,Ophiopholis mirabilis,Ophiura sarsi,Penaeidae,and Alpheus japonicus.The range of δ^(13)C values of C.stigmatias was from -19.39‰ to -15.74‰,with an average value of(-18.07±0.87)‰,which had no significant correlation with body length.The range of δ^(15)N values was from 8.16‰ to 12.86‰,with an average value of(10.14±1.51)‰,which was positively correlated with body length.The trophic level of C.stigmatias showed a positive relationship with body length,with an average value of(3.74±0.34)and a range value of 3.32 to 4.20 among different size groups.The contribution rates of dfferent prey groups varied significantly.Based on the structural equation modeling,we found that the feeding intensity of C.stigmatias was primally influenced by body length,sea bottom salinity,sea bottom temperature,and water depth,with a particularly significant positive correlation with body length.The combination of stable isotope technology and stomach content analysis methods could contribute to comprehensive understanding on the feeding ecology of C.stigmatias,providing essential data and foundation for research on trophic structures and resource conservation in the Haizhou Bay ecosystem.

关 键 词：矛尾虾虎鱼 稳定同位素 胃含物分析 营养级 摄食生态 海州湾 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]