广州市白云区中小学校教室灯光改造前后教室照明情况比较  

Comparison of classroom lighting conditions before and after classroom lighting renovation in primary and secondary schools in Baiyun district,Guangzhou city

作　　者：黄坤 林蓉[2] 赵丽旋 汤灼明 徐建华[1] HUANG Kun;LIN Rong;ZHAO Li-xuan;TANG Zhuo-ming;XU Jian-hua(The 2nd Monitoring Section,Baiyun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou City,Guangdong 510445,China;School Health Department,Guangzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]广州市白云区疾病预防控制中心监测二科,广东510445 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生部

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第2期111-114,147,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：广东省广州市卫生健康科技项目西医类一般引导项目(20221A010077,20211A011055);广东省广州市中小学普通教室照明设备采购项目白云区子项目(CZ2018-1630)。

摘　　要：目的对2015-2021年广州市白云区中小学校教室灯光改造前后的照明情况对比评价,为通过照明改造提高学生视力提供参考。方法通过查阅2015-2021年广州市白云区中小学校监测数据库,调取311所小学、中学学校共1550间的教室照明数据,对灯光改造前后各项教室照明指标(课桌面照度、课桌面照度均匀度、黑板面照度、黑板面照度均匀度、照度合格率)进行比较。结果2015-2021年教室课桌面照度及均匀度、黑版面照度及均匀度比较差异均有统计学意义(H值分别为457.098、99.844、721.807、262.256,P均<0.001)。2015-2021年教室课桌面照度合格率从22.9%提高至88.7%,黑板面照度合格率从1.5%提高至69.0%。但改造后黑板面照度均匀度中位数仍不达标[0.70(0.58,0.87)],合格率仅为40.2%。与城镇比较,改造后乡村地区学校教室课桌面照度高(Z=-3.476,P=0.001),黑板面照度均匀度高(Z=-3.426,P=0.001)。与民办学校比较,改造后公办学校课桌面照度低(Z=-4.560,P<0.001),课桌面照度均匀度高(Z=-2.282,P=0.023)。2021年度教室课桌面照度低于2018年(Z=-1.992,P=0.046)。结论广州市白云区中小学校教室灯光改造后,各项教室照明指标均得到有效改善,以乡村为明显,但黑板面照度均匀度改善程度不理想。Objective To compare and evaluate the lighting situation before and after the lighting renovation of classrooms in primary and secondary schools in Baiyun district,Guangzhou city from 2015 to 2021,so as to provide a reference for improving students'visual acuity through lighting renovation.Methods By referring to the school monitoring database of Baiyun district from 2015 to 2021,the lighting data of 1550 classrooms in 311 schools were collected,and lighting indicators(desktop illuminance,desktop illuminance uniformity,blackboard surface illuminance,blackboard surface illuminance uniformity,illuminance pass rate)were compared before and after the lighting renovation.Results The differences in the comparison of classroom desktop illuminance and uniformity and blacktop illuminance and uniformity from 2015 to 2021 were statistically significant(H=457.098,99.844,721.807 and 262.256;all P<0.001).The qualified rate of illumination of desks increased from 22.9% to 88.7%,and the pass rate of illumination of blackboard surface increased from 1.5% to 69.0% from 2015 to 2021.However,the median uniformity of illumination of the blackboard surface after modification was still not up to 0.70(0.58,0.87),and the pass rate was only 40.2%.Compared with towns and cities,classroom desktop illuminance was high(Z=-3.476,P=0.001)and blackboard surface illuminance uniformity was high(Z=-3.426,P=0.001)in renovated rural area schools.Compared to private schools,the renovated public schools had low classroom desktop illuminance(Z=-4.560,P<0.001)and high uniformity of classroom desktop illuminance(Z=-2.282,P=0.023).Classroom desktop illuminance was lower in 2021 than in 2018(Z=-1.992,P=0.046).Conclusion After the renovation of classroom lighting in primary and secondary schools in Baiyun district,Guangzhou city,various classroom lighting indicators have been effectively improved,especially in rural areas.However,the improvement in the uniformity of blackboard surface illumination is not ideal.

关 键 词：教室照明 黑板面照度 课桌面照度 中小学教室 灯光改造 视力 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]