蚯蚓肠道微生物与污染物的互作效应及机制  

Interaction effect and mechanism between microorganisms in earthworm intestine and pollutants in soil

作　　者：符芙蓉 孙扬 赵丽霞 李晓晶 翁莉萍 李永涛[2] FU Furong;SUN Yang;ZHAO Lixia;LI Xiaojing;WENG Liping;LI Yongtao(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety,Tianjin 300191,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农田有机污染生物消减创新团队/农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,天津300191 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第4期1170-1182,共13页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42177034,41771517);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(农业部环境保护科研监测所);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-08)资助。

摘　　要：蚯蚓具有固氮溶磷、促植物生长、指示土壤污染、去除污染物等多种生态功能,其肠道微生物起关键作用。人类日益增强的活动使得土壤环境中存在大量外源重金属、抗生素、农药、微塑料等污染物,这些污染物经蚯蚓摄食后进入肠道与其中的微生物发生相互作用。一方面,土壤污染物通过改变土壤及蚯蚓肠道环境影响肠道菌群的组成和状态;另一方面,蚯蚓肠道微生物也能通过微生物降解、生物富集和吸附转化对土壤污染物起到去除作用。本文主要从污染物胁迫下蚯蚓肠道微生物的变化情况和蚯蚓肠道微生物对污染物的去除作用两个方面综述蚯蚓肠道微生物和土壤污染物之间的互作效应及响应机制。此外,本文还探讨了当前多组学分析技术在蚯蚓肠道微生物对环境污染物去除方面的应用情况。以期进一步阐明蚯蚓肠道微生物的生态功能,使蚯蚓在修复与清洁农业生产环境方面发挥更大的作用。Earthworm intestinal microorganisms play key roles in achieving ecological functions of earthworms,such as nitrogen fixing and phosphorus solubilizing,plant growth promoting,soil pollution indicating,pollutants degrading.Increasing human activities have resulted in accumulation of various pollutants in soils,including exogenous heavy metals,antibiotics,pesticides,and microplastics.These pollutants enter the intestinal tract and interact with microorganisms after being ingested by earthworms.On the one hand,soil pollutants affect the composition and activity of intestinal community in earthworms by changing soil environment and earthworms’intestine.On the other hand,intestinal microorganisms in earthworms can eliminate soil pollutants through microbial degradation,biological enrichment,adsorption,and transformation.We reviewed the interaction effect and response mechanism between intestinal microorganisms in earthworms and soil pollutants from two aspects:(1)the changes of intestinal microorganisms under pollutant stress and the removal of pollutants by intestinal microorganisms.(2)the current application of multi-omics analysis techniques in removal of environmental pollutants by earthworm intestinal microbiota.It is expected to clarify the ecological function of intestinal microorganisms of earthworms and provide insights on the roles of earthworms in eliminating soil pollution for sustainable agriculture development.

关 键 词：土壤 蚯蚓 肠道微生物 污染物 去除作用 胁迫效应 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]