1980—2016年中国北方风蚀气候侵蚀力的变化  

Spatio-temporal variation of wind erosivity in the northern China from 1980 to 2016

作　　者：刘伟[1] 邹学勇 刘博[3] 王汝幸 王祖正[1] Liu Wei;Zou Xueyong;Liu Bo;Wang Ruxing;Wang Zuzheng(Faculty of Geographical Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Tourism and Exhibition,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学地理学部,天津300387 [2]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [4]合肥大学旅游与会展学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第4期703-710,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871002);天津师范大学博士基金项目(52XB2008)资助。

摘　　要：随着修订风蚀方程(RWEQ)的提出,采用增加了冻结因子的气候因子(WF)表达风蚀气候侵蚀力更具有科学性和必要性。基于中国北方风蚀区157个气象站1980—2016年的观测数据,逐月计算了各站点气候因子,并探讨了气候因子时空分布变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:①1980—1997年,年气候因子值表现为快速下降,从940.46 kg/m下降到273.03 kg/m;而1998—2016年,年气候因子值表现相对稳定,在139.81~398.85 kg/m范围内波动。②春季气候因子值约占全年63%,其变化也显著高于其它季节,这也是土壤风蚀发生在春季的主要原因。③气候因子的高值区分布在新疆东部、青海西部、40°N以北的内蒙古中西部,这与气压中心和高大山体地形分布有关。Wind is the prime power of soil wind erosion.The Weather Factor(WF)of the Revised Wind Erosion Equation(RWEQ)are the most widely used expressions of wind erosion climatic erosivity.Based on the actual situation of the study area,soil freezing factor(FD)was added into the Weather Factor(WF),and the modified WF was used to evaluate wind erosivity.By calculating the yearly variation of WF,WF in different seasons and WF in different months,the temporal and spatial distribution changes of WF were drawn.WF is performed using more than wind velocity,precipitation,temperature and snow cover series at 157 national meteorological stations in 1980—2016.The following conclusions were drawn:1)WF value in the study area descended from 1980 to 1988,with an average annual descend rate of about 37.20 kg/m,and it was relatively stable from 1989 to 2016,with an average value of about 190.36 kg/m;2)WF value in spring accounts for about 63%of the whole year,and WF decreased most significantly in spring,with an annual descend rate of 34.94 kg/m,while the annual descend rates in summer and autumn were 3.19 kg/m and 1.87 kg/m respectively.3)On the spatial distribution,the high value area of average WF over years are mainly distributed in north 40°N of the midwestern Inner Mongolia,the eastern Xinjiang and the western Qinghai,and the low value areas were mainly distributed in the southern Xinjiang,the eastern Qinghai and the southeast of the study area.

关 键 词：气候因子 土壤风蚀 全球变暖 北方风蚀区 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]