石墨烯基纳米材料在抗菌涂层中的研究进展  

Research Progress in Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Antimicrobial Coating

作　　者：何韦毅 何星[1] He Weiyi;He Xing(University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,200093)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学材料与化学学院,上海200093

出　　处：《化学通报》2024年第4期398-409,397,共13页Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51202147)资助。

摘　　要：抗菌涂层广泛应用于医疗保健、食品保鲜和医院消毒等多个行业领域。石墨烯是目前最受欢迎的纳米材料之一,在抗菌方面表现出细菌低耐药性,同时对哺乳动物细胞有较小的细胞毒性。石墨烯从物理和化学两个层面协同发挥抑菌效果,物理方面其尖锐边缘与细菌细胞膜的直接接触从而对脂质分子进行破坏性提取,而化学方面通过氧化应激所产生的活性氧以及电荷转移破坏细菌细胞膜。此外,石墨烯用作分散和稳定各种纳米材料的载体,且得益于材料之间的协同作用,其复合材料具有较高的抗菌效率和良好的生物相容性,目前已在抗菌包装、伤口敷料和器械表面清洁等方面投入使用。本文首先概述了石墨烯的结构、安全性以及抗菌机理,对石墨烯复合涂层所取得的重要成果进行简要总结,最后综述了石墨烯材料在器械表面改性中的研究进展,展望了石墨烯抗菌涂层的未来发展趋势。Antimicrobial coatings are widely used in healthcare,food service,hospital disinfection and microbial control.Graphene,one of the most popular nanomaterials,exhibits low bacterial resistance and tolerable cytotoxicity to mammalian cells.Graphene synergistically exerts antibacterial effects from both physical and chemical perspectives.In terms of physical properties,its sharp edges come into direct contact with bacterial cell membranes,leading to destructive extraction of lipid molecules.In terms of chemical properties,reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative stress and charge transfer disrupt bacterial cell membranes.Furthermore,graphene serves as a dispersing and stabilizing carrier for various nanomaterials,and due to synergistic effects,its composites demonstrate high antimicrobial efficiency and good biocompatibility,with extensive applications in antimicrobial packaging,wound dressings,and device surface cleaning.This article first provides an overview of the structure,safety,and antimicrobial mechanisms of graphene,followed by a brief summary of the significant achievements in graphene composite coatings.Finally,it reviews the research progress of graphene materials in the surface modification of implantable stents and discusses the future development trends of graphene antimicrobial coatings.

关 键 词：石墨烯涂层 抗菌活性 薄膜 医疗器械 

分 类 号：TB306[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB383.1