铝合金与镀铜钢CMT熔钎焊技术研究  

Research on CMT Welding-Brazing Technology of Aluminum Alloy and Copper Plated Steel

作　　者：单琪 张超[1,2] 谢鹏[1] 何兵 SHAN Qi;ZHANG Chao;XIE Peng;HE Bing(College of Material Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China;Jiangsu Urban and Rural Construction College,Changzhou 213000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003 [2]江苏城乡建设职业学院,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第1期48-52,57,共6页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(19KJB460011);常州市科技局项目(CJ20190028)。

摘　　要：采用Al Si12药芯焊丝作为填充材料,对2 mm厚的6082铝合金与Q235B镀铜钢进行对接冷金属过渡(CMT)熔钎焊接试验,研究不同焊接速度和镀铜层厚度对接头焊缝成型、界面组织和力学性能的影响,探讨Cu元素对金属间化合物层(IMC)生长的影响。结果表明:当焊接速度为350 mm/min时,铝在钢板正反面均有良好的润湿铺展,焊缝成型美观;IMC层厚度过大或过小均会对接头性能产生不利影响,当镀铜层厚度为10μm时,IMC层厚度为2.38μm,接头抗拉强度达到峰值138.7 MPa,相较于未镀铜接头的提高了31.9%,接头断裂于铝侧热影响区。镀铜层可以抑制界面层中θ-Fe(Al,Si)_(3)相的生成,阻碍Al、Fe反应,降低IMC层厚度。适当的镀铜层厚度可以有效改善接头的力学性能。镀铜层厚度过大促使Al_(2)Cu相产生,成为接头的薄弱区域。AlSi12 flux-cored wire was used as filler material to conduct cold metal transfer(CMT)butt welding experiments for 2 mm thick 6082 aluminum alloy and Q235B copper-coated steel plates.The influence of different welding speed and Cu layer thickness on the weld formation,interfacial structure and mechanical properties of the joint was studied,and the influence of Cu element on the growth of intermetallic compound layer(IMC)was discussed.The results show that when the welding speed is 350 mm/min,the aluminum has good wetting and spreading on the front and back surfaces of the steel plate,and the welding seam is beautiful;too large or too small IMC layer thickness has an adverse effect on the joint performance.When the Cu layer thickness is 10μm,the thickness of the IMC layer is 2.38μm,and the tensile strength of the joint reaches a peak value of 138.7 MPa,which is 31.9%higher than that of the uncoated joint.The joint break in the heat affected zone of the Al side.The copper plating layer can inhibit the formation of theθ-Fe(Al,Si)_(3) phase in the interface layer,hinder the reaction of Al and Fe,and reduce the thickness of the IMC layer.Appropriate copper layer thickness can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the joint.Excessive thickness of the copper layer promotes the formation of Al_(2)Cu phase,which becomes the weak area of the joint.

关 键 词：铝合金 镀铜钢 CMT熔钎焊 金属间化合物(IMC) 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG444.7