不同产蛋水平五龙鹅肠道形态、肠道菌群结构及养分利用率比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Gut Morphology,Gut Microbiota Structure,and Nutrient Utilization Rate of Wulong Geese at Different Egg Production Levels

作　　者：赵思宇 王宝维[2] 凡文磊 张名爱[1] 孔敏[1] 王秉翰 ZHAO Siyu;WANG Baowei;FAN Wenlei;ZHANG Ming’ai;KONG Min;WANG Binghan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;High Quality Waterfowl Research Institute,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Huihe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,青岛266109 [3]青岛慧和生物科技有限公司,青岛266109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第4期2406-2415,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农业农村部种业管理司——建立鹅高繁性状表型检测指标体系(19211188);财政部和农业农村部——国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-42-14);2021年度山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010805)。

摘　　要：本试验通过研究不同产蛋水平五龙鹅在肠道形态、肠道菌群结构及养分利用率的差异,旨在为五龙鹅高产性状的筛选及探究其调控机制提供理论依据。试验选择300只体况相近的34周龄五龙鹅种鹅饲喂相同饲粮,采用单笼饲养连续记录产蛋高峰期70 d产蛋量,根据产蛋水平不同选取高、中、低产蛋量五龙鹅共150只,每组各50只。结果表明:1)在肠道形态方面,高产组肠道重量、空肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于低产组(P<0.05),十二指肠隐窝深度显著低于低产组(P<0.05)。2)在肠道菌群结构方面,高产组肠道中脱硫弧菌属相对丰度较低产组富集,低产组盲肠中未分类丹毒丝菌科、未分类毛螺菌科、艾诺玛菌属和史雷克氏菌属相对丰度较高产组富集。3)在养分利用率方面,高产组钙利用率显著高于低产组(P<0.05)。由此可见,不同产蛋水平五龙鹅在肠道发育、肠道菌群结构及养分利用率上存在明显差异,上述研究结果为鹅高产性状调控机制探究及高产性状精准选育提供了理论依据。The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical basis for screening high-yield traits and exploring their regulatory mechanisms in Wulong geese by studying the differences in gut morphology,gut microbiota structure,and nutrient utilization rate among Wulong geese at different egg production levels.A total of 300 Wulong geese at 34 weeks of age with similar body conditions were selected for the experiment and fed the same feed.Single cage feeding was used to continuously record the egg production for 70 days during the peak egg production period.According to the different egg production levels,a total of 150 Wulong geese with high,medium and low egg production levels were selected,with 50 geese in each group.The results showed that 1)in terms of intestinal morphology,intestinal weight,jejunum villus height and villus height/crypt depth,and ileum villus height/crypt depth in the high-yield group were significantly higher than those in the low-yield group(P<0.05),and duodenal crypt depth was significantly lower in the low-yield group(P<0.05).2)In terms of the structure of gut microbiota,the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the gut in the high-yield group was higher than that in the low-yield group,and the relative abundance of unclassified Erysipelotrichiaceae,unclassified Lachrillaceae,Slackia,and Enorma in the cecum in the low-yield group was higher than that in the high-yield group.3)In terms of nutrient utilization rate,calcium utilization rate was significantly higher in the high-yield group than in the low-yield group(P<0.05).From this,it can be seen that there are significant differences in gut development,gut microbiota structure,and nutrient utilization rate among Wulong geese at different egg production levels.These findings will provide a theoretical basis for the regulation mechanism of high-yield traits and precise breeding of high-yield traits in Wulong geese.

关 键 词：产蛋水平 五龙鹅 肠道形态学 肠道菌群结构 养分利用率 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]