饲料中添加丁酸梭菌或丁酸钠对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏免疫和抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Clostridium butyricum or Sodium Butyrate on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Liver Immune and Antioxidant Capacity of Largemouth Bass

作　　者：侯冬强 李敏 李培佳 彭凯 陈冰 黄文 曹俊明 郭慧[1] 赵红霞 HOU Dongqiang;LI Min;LI Peijia;PENG Kai;CHEN Bing;HUANG Wen;CAO Junming;GUO Hui;ZHAO Hongxia(College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition Research,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江524088 [2]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第4期2572-2585,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31402307,31902388);广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515010850)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加丁酸梭菌(CB)或丁酸钠(SB)对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏免疫、抗氧化能力以及低氧应激的影响。试验配制3种等氮(50%)和等脂(9%)的饲料,分别为基础饲料(Con)、基础饲料中添加10 mL/kg的CB的试验饲料、基础饲料中添加1.0 g/kg的SB的试验饲料。选取体重为(5.02±0.01)g的大口黑鲈360尾,随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾鱼,开展8周的养殖试验,随后进行低氧应激试验。结果显示:1)与Con组相比,CB组增重率(WGR)和蛋白质沉积率(PDR)显著提高(P<0.05),CB组饲料系数(FCR)显著降低(P<0.05)。与Con组相比,CB组肠体比(ISI)显著增加(P<0.05)。2)与Con组相比,SB组血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性和甘油三酯(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.05),CB组和SB组血清尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),SB组血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与Con组相比,饲料中添加CB和SB可显著提高肝脏总蛋白(TP)含量(P<0.05),CB组和SB组肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性显著提高(P<0.05);SB组肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于Con组(P<0.05)。4)与Con组相比,SB组肝脏中Toll样受体22(TLR22)基因相对表达量显著增加(P<0.05),CB组和SB组白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和髓样分化因子88(MyD88)基因相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05),CB组胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和生长激素(GH)基因相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。5)低氧应激3 h后,Con、CB和SB组累计死亡率分别为68.75%、31.25%和35.42%。与Con组相比,CB组和SB组累计死亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加CB和SB提高大口黑鲈生长性能、肝脏抗氧化能力,抑制肝脏抗炎因子的表达,提高低氧应激下的存活率;与SB相比,添加CB对提高大口黑鲈生长性能、免疫和抗氧化效果更佳。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of adding Clostridium butyricum(CB)or sodium butyrate(SB)to the diet on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,liver immunity,antioxidant capacity and hypoxia stress of juvenile largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).Three kinds of iso-nitrogen(50%)and iso-lipid(9%)diets were prepared,which were the basal diet(Con),the basal diet supplemented with 10 mL/kg CB,and the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g/kg SB.A total of 360 fish with body weight of(5.02±0.01)g were randomly divided into 3 groups and fed 3 kinds of diets with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.The culture experiment was carried out for 8 weeks,and then hypoxia stress test was carried out.The results showed as follows:1)compared with Con group,weight gain rate(WGR)and protein deposition rate(PDR)in CB group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and feed conversion ratio(FCR)in CB group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with Con group,the intestinal body index(ISI)in CB group was significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with Con group,the serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activity and triglyceride(TG)content in SB group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the serum urea nitrogen content in CB and SB groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum glucose(GLU)content in SB group was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with Con group,dietary CB and SB supplementation significantly increased liver total protein(TP)content(P<0.05),and liver catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and lysozyme(LZM)activities in CB and SB groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).The liver malondialdehyde(MDA)content in SB group was significantly lower than that in Con group(P<0.05).4)Compared with Con group,the relative expression level of Toll-like receptor 22(TLR22)gene in liver of SB group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-8(IL-8)and myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)genes in CB and SB gro

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 丁酸梭菌 丁酸钠 生长性能 免疫 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]