饲粮中添加活性酵母对生长肉兔生长性能、肉品质和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Dietary Active Yeast on Growth Performance,Meat Quality and Intestinal Flora of Growing Meat Rabbits

作　　者：李响 谢乾成 郭文文 毛晓峰 宋光明 刘永需 赵红 李福昌[1] 刘磊[1] LI Xiang;XIE Qiancheng;GUO Wenwen;MAO Xiaofeng;SONG Guangming;LIU Yongxu;ZHAO Hong;LI Fuchang;LIU Lei(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention,Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources(Co-Construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Department of Animal Science,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Zouping Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Binzhou 256200,China;Qingdao Fengshang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China;Lesaffre Management(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200235,China;Qingdao Kangda Jiahui Feed Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266499,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,农业农村部非粮食饲料资源高效利用重点实验室(部省共建),山东省动物生物技术与疾病预防控制重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]邹平市农业农村局,滨州256200 [3]青岛峰尚生物技术有限公司,青岛266000 [4]乐斯福管理(上海)有限公司,上海200235 [5]青岛康大佳惠饲料有限公司,青岛266499

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第4期2603-2611,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划)(2023TZXD044);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-43-B-1);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021MC043,ZR2021QC108);山东省特种经济动物产业技术体系(SDAIT-21-16);山东省农业良种工程(2021LZGC002);青岛西海岸新区2021年度科技项目(科技攻关“揭榜制”专项)(2021-17)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加活性酵母对生长肉兔生长性能、肉品质和肠道菌群的影响。选取体重相近的健康35日龄断奶仔兔360只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只仔兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加活性酵母),试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加500和1000 g/t的活性酵母。试验期34 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500和1000 g/t活性酵母显著提高了生长肉兔的成活率(P<0.05),显著降低了生长肉兔的平均日采食量(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500 g/t活性酵母显著提高了肌肉滴水损失(P<0.05),饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母显著降低了肌肉滴水损失(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母显著提高了盲肠微生物的Simpson指数(P<0.05);在门水平上,饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母提高了盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度;在属水平上,饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母提高了盲肠未分类鞭毛虫菌科(norank_f_Lachnospiraceae)、未分类鼠杆菌科(norank_f_Muribaculaceae)、毛螺旋菌科NK4A136群(Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group)、未分类梭状芽孢杆菌属vadinBB60群(norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group)的相对丰度。4)属水平上组间物种差异分析显示,与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500和1000 g/t活性酵母显著降低了盲肠互养菌属(Synergistes)的相对丰度(P<0.05),饲粮中添加500 g/t活性酵母显著提高了盲肠厌氧管菌属(Anaerostipes)的相对丰度(P<0.05),饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母显著提高了盲肠芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的相对丰度(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加500和1000 g/t活性酵母能够提高生长肉兔的成活率,降低平均日采食量;饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母能降低生长肉兔肌肉滴水损失,从而改善肉质;饲粮中添加1000 g/t活性酵母能改善生长肉兔肠道菌群结构,有助于肠道健康。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary active yeast on growth performance,meat quality and intestinal flora of growing meat rabbits.A total of 360 thirty-five-day-old weaned rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 rabbits per replicate.Rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet(no active yeast added),and others in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 500 and 1000 g/t active yeast,respectively.The experiment lasted for 34 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 500 and 1000 g/t active yeast significantly increased the survival rate of growing meat rabbits(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the average daily feed intake of growing meat rabbits(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 500 g/t active yeast significantly increased the muscle drip loss(P<0.05),while dietary supplemented with 1000 g/t active yeast significantly decreased the muscle drip loss(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 1000 g/t active yeast significantly increased the cecal microbiota Simpson index(P<0.05);at phylum level,dietary supplemented with 1000 g/t active yeast increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes in cecum;at genus level,dietary supplemented with 1000 g/t active yeast increased the relative abundances of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae,norank_f_Muribaculaceae,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group in cecum.4)The analysis of inter group species differences at the genus level showed that compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 500 and 1000 g/t active yeast significantly increased the relative abundance of Synergistes in cecum(P<0.05),dietary supplemented with 500 g/t active yeast significantly increased the relative abundance of Anaerostipes in cecum(P<0.05),and dietary supplemented with 1000 g/t active yeast significantly increased the relative abundance of Bac

关 键 词：肉兔 活性酵母 生长性能 肉品质 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]