分子标记辅助选择Pigm基因改良水稻不育系桃农1A的苗瘟抗性  

Improving Seedling Blast Resistance of Rice CMS Line Taonong1A Through Marker-assisted Selection of the Pigm Gene

作　　者：周庚 黄俊[1] 邹玉莹 邓吉奇 李家鑫 谌强 郭成龙 李博文 车凡昊 姚威 黄希来 刘金灵[1,2,3] 刘雄伦 ZHOU Geng;HUANG Jun;ZOU Yuying;DENG Jiqi;LI Jiaxin;CHEN Qiang;GUO Chenglong;LI Bowen;CHE Fanhao;YAO Wei;HUANG Xilai;LIU Jinling;LIU Xionglun(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Crop Gene Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha 410128,China;Rice and Rapeseed Disease Resistance Breeding Key Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]作物基因工程湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [3]水稻油菜抗病育种湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第2期39-46,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目(2021NK1001)。

摘　　要：为了改良桃农1B和桃农1A的苗瘟抗性,以携带广谱持久抗稻瘟病基因Pigm的中国地方水稻品种谷梅4号为供体亲本,先后以三系保持系桃农1B及其不育系桃农1A为受体亲本,利用与Pigm紧密连锁共显性DNA标记T9E3开展辅助选择育种。T9E3在桃农1B或桃农1A基因组中的PCR扩增条带约为2 000 bp,而对谷梅4号基因组的扩增产物大小为926 bp,多态性稳定;采用来自国内外不同稻区的32份稻瘟菌菌株室内接种苗瘟,桃农1B和桃农1A抗性频率均为9.38%,谷梅4号与改良系抗性频率均为90.63%;田间天然病圃鉴定桃农1B和桃农1A苗瘟8级,而改良系和供体亲本谷梅4号苗瘟均为0级。通过T9E3辅助选择、田间病圃筛选和室内接种鉴定,初步获得了3份高抗稻瘟病的改良不育系(桃农1A-Pigm-1—桃农1A-Pigm-3)及其保持系(桃农1B-Pigm-1—桃农1B-Pigm-3),进一步通过不育特性、农艺性状与产量结构调查分析,从中遴选出1个高抗稻瘟病、不育性稳定、包颈率低、农艺产量性状优良的优异不育系桃农1A-Pigm-2及其配套保持系桃农1B-Pigm-2。桃农1A-Pigm-2不育度和不育株率均为100%,典败花粉约占60%、圆败花粉约占40%,柱头外露率高达71.1%,包颈粒率仅为33.6%;桃农1B-Pigm-2播始历期为69 d,株高76.2 cm,主穗穗长28.1 cm,单株有效穗数15.8穗,单穗总颖花数115.3个,千粒质量27.7 g。实现了桃农1A和桃农1B苗瘟抗性及其他性状的综合改良,为三系杂交水稻育种应用创制了新的亲本材料。To improve seedling blast resistance of rice cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line Taonong1A and its maintainer Taonong1B,the Chinese local rice variety Gumei 4 was used as the donor parent harboring the broad-spectrum and durable blast resistance gene Pigm,and the Pigm-tightly-linked codominant marker T9E3 was developed and employed in marker-assisted selection(MAS)breeding practice.T9E3 showed clear and stable polymorphism between the donor and acceptor parents,amplifying a 926 bp DNA band from Gumei 4 genome,while the PCR product from either genome of Taonong1B or Taonong1A was about 2000 bp.Greenhouse inoculation assay was performed using thirty-two Magnaporthe oryzae isolates collected from different rice areas,Gumei 4 and the improved rice lines showed much higher resistance frequency(90.63%)than that of two acceptor parents Taonong1B and Taonong1A(9.38%).Accordingly,Gumei 4 and the improved rice lines showed high-level seedling blast resistance(0 grade)but highly susceptible(8 grade)for two acceptor parents in natural nursery.Three blast resistant CMS pure lines(Taonong1A-Pigm-1-Taonong1A-Pigm-3)and the corresponding resistant maintainers(Taonong1B-Pigm-1-Taonong1B-Pigm-3)were preliminarily bred through MAS breeding,and one pair of them,Taonong1A-Pigm-2/Taonong1B-Pigm-2,was screened for potential application duo to the high-level blast resistance and elite sterility,agronomic and yield traits.Taonong1A-Pigm-2 showed complete male sterility with nearly 60%typical abortive pollens and 40%round abortive pollens,higher stigma exsertion rate(71.1%)and lower enclosed spikelet rate(33.6%),Taonong1B-Pigm-2 exhibited excellent agronomic and yield trait indexes,such as moderate sowing-heading duration(69 days),plant height(76.2 cm),main panicle length(28.1 cm),panicles per plant(15.8),spikelets per panicle(115.3)and 1000-grain weight(27.7 g)。New parent materials were created for the application of cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)line hybrid rice breeding,and the comprehensive improvement of seedling blast resistance and

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病抗性改良 分子标记辅助选择 Pigm 桃农1A 桃农1B 

分 类 号：S435.11[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S334.2[农业科学—植物保护]