外源添加铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响  

Effect of Exogenous Iron Ion on the Biological Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

作　　者：冯伊彤 贾硕 刘麟 杨剑锋 杜磊 张文兵 石胜华 武占敏 张键[1] 赵君[1] FENG Yitong;JIA Shuo;LIU Lin;YANG Jianfeng;DU Lei;ZHANG Wenbing;SHI Shenghua;WU Zhanmin;ZHANG Jian;ZHAO Jun(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Plant Protection Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Bayannur Agricultural and Livestock Products Quality and Safety Testing Center,Bayannur 015000,China;Ordos City Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resources Protection Center,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院植物保护研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]巴彦淖尔市农畜产品质量安全检测中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [4]鄂尔多斯市农牧业生态与资源保护中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第2期161-167,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960522);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-14);鄂尔多斯重大科技专项(2021ZD农35-1);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0075)。

摘　　要：为了探究铁离子对向日葵大丽轮枝菌生物学特性及致病力的影响,在培养基中外源添加铁离子后,对大丽轮枝菌的生长速度、产孢量、微菌核数量、粗毒素分泌量、细胞壁降解酶活性以及致病力进行了测定。结果表明,外源添加不同浓度的铁离子后,菌丝的生长速度和产孢量均呈现出递增趋势,相比对照,添加80μmol/L的铁离子后大丽轮枝菌的生长速度最快,菌落直径为68.81 mm,增长率为21.40%;产孢量为2.58×10^(7)个/mL,增长率为21.13%;微菌核数量也随着外源添加铁离子浓度的增加而增多,在培养5 d后,相比对照,其涨幅为51.53%;粗毒素分泌量在添加80μmol/L的铁离子后,增幅近1倍;细胞壁裂解酶活性随着外源铁离子浓度的增加而增强,并在80μmol/L时达到最强。此外,随着培养基中铁离子浓度的增加,大丽轮枝菌的致病力也相应增强,表现在当外源添加的铁离子浓度由0μmol/L增加至80μmol/L时,病情指数由35.00提高至62.20,增长率为77.71%。综上所述,外源添加铁离子不仅能够加速大丽轮枝菌的生长,促进产孢和微菌核的形成,还能够增强大丽轮枝菌的致病力。In order to investigate the effect of iron ions on the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae in sunflower,the growth rate,conidial production,number of microsclerotia,crude toxin secretion,cell wall degrading enzymes activity and pathogenicity of V.dahliae were measured after the exogenous addition of iron ions to the culture medium.The results showed that the growth rate and conidial production of mycelium showed an increasing trend after adding different concentrations of iron ions in an exogenous,compared with the control,the growth rate of V.dahliae was the fastest after adding 80μmol/L of iron ions,and the colony diameter was 68.81 mm with a growth rate of 21.40%;the conidial production was 2.58×10^(7)conidia/mL with a growth rate of 21.13%;the number of microsclerotia also increased with the increase of exogenously added iron ion concentration,and after 5 days of culture,its increase was 51.53%compared with the control.The crude toxin secretion was increased after adding 80μmol/L of iron ions,and the increase rate was nearly doubled.The activity of cell wall lyase increased with increasing concentration of exogenous iron ions and increased at 80μmol/L reached the strongest.In addition,the pathogenicity of V.dahliae increased accordingly with the increase in the concentration of iron ions in the medium,as shown by the increase in the disease index from 35.00 to 62.20 when the concentration of iron ions added exogenously from 0 to 80μmol/L,with a growth rate of 77.71%.In conclusion,the exogenous addition of iron ions not only accelerates the growth of V.dahliae,and promotes conidial production and microsclerotia formation,but also enhances the pathogenicity of V.dahliae.

关 键 词：向日葵 大丽轮枝菌 致病力 微菌核 铁离子 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]