阿拉善绒山羊繁殖性状加性效应和母体效应的方差分量估计  

Estimation of Variance Components of Additive and Maternal Effects on Reproductive Traits in Alxa Cashmere Goats

作　　者：李宁 吴铁成 赵术明 王涛 朱莉仙 赵生国[1] 刘斌 LI Ning;WU Tiecheng;ZHAO Shuming;WANG Tao;ZHU Lixian;ZHAO Shengguo;LIU Bin(Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural and Husbandry Science,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Engineering Laboratory for Genetic Resources Evaluation and Breeding Technology of Mutton Sheep in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Comprehensive Law Enforcement Detachment of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Chifeng,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 024000,China;Alxa White Cashmere Goat Breeding Farm,Alxa,Inner Mongolia 750030,China;Alxa League Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Extension Centre,Alxa,Inner Mongolia 750030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]肉羊遗传资源评价与繁育技术内蒙古自治区工程实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [4]赤峰市农牧业综合行政执法支队,内蒙古赤峰024000 [5]阿拉善白绒山羊种羊场,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750030 [6]阿拉善盟畜牧兽医技术推广中心,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750030

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第4期8-14,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：内蒙古创新基金项目(2020CXJJM01);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0095);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化引导项目(2020CG0100);农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(RSYXT202201)。

摘　　要：为了运用ASreml软件结合约束最大似然法(REML)估计阿拉善绒山羊初生重、出生窝重、断乳重、断乳窝重、产羔数和妊娠期的遗传参数,本研究收集了阿拉善绒山羊种羊场2017-2022年繁殖性状记录6517条,拟合了8种不同的单性状动物模型,通过LRT检验挑选出最佳模型,使用单性状模型对繁殖性状进行方差组分和遗传力估计,利用双性状模型分析繁殖性状之间的表型相关和遗传相关。结果显示:阿拉善白绒山羊初生重、出生窝重、断乳重、断乳窝重、产羔数和妊娠期的遗传力估计值分别为0.15±0.04、0.16±0.02、0.20±0.06、0.12±0.03、0.14±0.03和0.32±0.05。遗传相关系数的范围为-0.49~0.73,其中产羔数与出生窝重的遗传相关系数最高为0.73,与初生重遗传相关系数最低为-0.49。表型相关的范围为-0.50~0.65,其中断乳窝重与出生窝重的表型相关系数最高0.65,产羔数和初生重的表型相关系数最小-0.50。研究发现,阿拉善绒山羊繁殖性状属于低遗传力性状且不仅受群别、胎次等非遗传因素的影响,而且所有的性状均受到母体效应的影响;产羔数与其他繁殖性状之间具有较高的相关性表明基于产羔数的选择是有效的,可以提高母羊的整体繁殖性能,因此在实际生产过程中可通过提高饲养管理及营养水平来改善阿拉善绒山羊的繁殖性能。In this study,the genetic parameters of birth weight(BW),birth litter weight(TLW),weaned litter weight(WW),weaned litter weight(TWW),litter size(LZ)and gestation period(GP)of Alxa cashmere goats were estimated using ASreml software combined with constrained maximum likelihood(REML)method.6517 breeding traits records of Alxa cashmere goat breeding farms from 2017 to 2022 were collected.Eight different single-trait animal models were fitted,and the best model was selected by LRT test.The variance components and heritability of reproductive traits were estimated by the single-trait model,and the phenotypic and genetic correlations between reproductive traits were analyzed by the two-trait model.The results showed that the estimated heritability values of BW,TLW,WW,TWW,LZ and GP of Alashan white cashmere goats were 0.15±0.04,0.16±0.02,0.20±0.06,0.12±0.03,0.14±0.03 and 0.32±0.05,respectively.The genetic correlation coefficient ranged from-0.49 to 0.73.The highest genetic correlation coefficient between LZ and TLW was 0.73,and the lowest genetic correlation coefficient between LZ and BW was-0.49.The phenotypic correlation ranged from-0.50 to 0.65,among which TWW and TLW had the highest phenotypic correlation coefficient of 0.65,followed by LZ and TLW with the phenotypic correlation coefficient of 0.61,and LZ and BW had the lowest phenotypic correlation coefficient of-0.50.The results showed that the reproductive traits of Alxa cashmere goats were low heritability traits and were not only affected by non-genetic factors such as year and group,but also all the traits were affected by maternal effects.The high correlation between LZ and other reproductive traits indicates that selection based on LZ is effective and can improve the overall reproductive performance of ewes.In the actual production process,the breeding performance of Alxa cashmere goats can be improved by improving the feeding management and nutrition level.

关 键 词：阿拉善绒山羊 繁殖性状 动物模型 约束最大似然法 

分 类 号：S827.2[农业科学—畜牧学]