固体废物固化稳定化处理下重金属有效态含量变化研究  

Study on the Available Content Changes of Heavy Metal Under Solid Waste Solidification and Stabilization Treatment

作　　者：张传奇 孙永伟 胡阳阳 ZHANG Chuanqi;SUN Yongwei;HU Yangyang(The Tenth Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau,Yingtan 335000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省地质局第十地质大队,江西鹰潭335000

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2024年第4期8-11,共4页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

摘　　要：采选矿固体废物含有大量重金属,随意堆放容易污染周边农田,影响农产品安全及人体健康。试验以某选矿厂遗留废渣为处置对象,采用两种固化稳定化工艺(制砖和制水泥熟料)对其进行处理,研究重金属有效态含量(As和Cd)的变化。结果表明,两种固化稳定化工艺均能有效处置固体废物,控制重金属污染,As和Cd有效态的固化率均不低于98.3%。相比制砖物料,成品砖的As和Cd有效态含量进一步降低,其中As有效态含量降低79.8%,Cd有效态含量降低80%。制砖后,重金属As和Cd得到有效的固化。制砖物料及水泥熟料的As和Cd有效态含量基本一致,其固化稳定化效果无明显差异。制砖物料的废渣掺量远高于水泥熟料,前者消纳废渣的能力比后者强,但水泥熟料的后续产品为水泥,制砖物料的后续产品为砖,水泥的稳定性远高于砖,两种工艺都能满足重金属固化稳定化要求。Solid waste from mining and mineral processing contains a large amount of heavy metals,which can easily pollute surrounding farmland and affect the safety of agricultural products and human health.The experiment uses the leftover waste residue from a certain beneficiation plant as the disposal object and treats it using two solidification and stabilization processes(brick making and cement clinker making)to study the changes in the available content(As and Cd)of heavy metals.The results show that both solidification and stabilization processes can effectively dispose of solid waste,control heavy metal pollution,and the solidification rates of As and Cd effective states are not less than 98.3%.Compared to brick materials,the available content of As and Cd in finished bricks is further reduced,with a 79.8%decrease in available content of As and an 80%decrease in available content of Cd.After brick making,heavy metals As and Cd are effectively solidified.The available content of As and Cd in brick making materials and cement clinker is basically the same,and there is no significant difference in their solidification and stabilization effects.The amount of waste residue added to brick making materials is much higher than that of cement clinker,and the former has a stronger ability to absorb waste residue than the latter,but the subsequent product of cement clinker is cement,and the subsequent product of brick making materials is brick,and the stability of cement is much higher than that of brick,and both processes can meet the requirements of heavy metal solidification and stabilization.

关 键 词：固体废物 固化稳定化 重金属 有效态含量 制砖 制水泥熟料 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]