高铁低硫型铝土矿的工艺矿物学研究  

Research on Process Mineralogy of a High-Iron and Low-Sulfur Bauxite

作　　者：何文洁 郑朝振 刘三平 HE Wenjie;ZHENG Chaozhen;LIU Sanping(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2024年第4期21-26,共6页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

摘　　要：铝土矿主要由铝的氢氧化物、氧化物和硅酸盐矿物组成,是生产金属铝的主要原料。以某高铁低硫型铝土矿为研究对象,采用元素分析、X射线衍射和扫描电镜等方法,研究铝土矿的化学组成、主要矿物的嵌布关系、矿物表面形貌等。结果表明,矿石中Al_(2)O_(3)含量为44.22%,SiO_(2)含量为5.71%,二者的比值约为7.74。矿石中主要矿物为三水铝石,褐铁矿(水针铁矿)和勃姆石含量较少。它既含有少量石英、高岭石、绿泥石和钛铁矿,又含有微量钠长石、方解石、磷灰石、一水硬铝石、铁素体和金红石等。褐铁矿中分散有微量铝,大多数褐铁矿和石英以极细粒夹杂物的形式包裹在铝矿物集合体中。矿物粒度分析表明,铝矿物集合体嵌布粒度不小于0.074 mm的累计含量为92.50%,较集中于0.015~0.060 mm,嵌布粒度小于0.010 mm的含量为0.5%;铁矿物集合体嵌布粒度不小于0.074 mm的累计含量为34.45%,嵌布粒度小于0.010 mm的含量较高,为43.44%;石英嵌布粒度不小于0.074 mm的累计含量为40.15%,嵌布粒度小于0.010 mm的含量较高,为39.86%。矿石中的大部分铝以独立矿物的形式存在。Bauxite is mainly composed of aluminum hydroxides,oxides,and silicate minerals,and it is the main raw material for producing metallic aluminum.Taking a certain high-iron and low-sulfur bauxite as the research object,this paper uses methods such as element analysis,X-ray diffraction,and scanning electron microscopy to study the chemical composition of bauxite,the embedding relationship of main minerals,and the surface morphology of minerals.The results show that the Al_(2)O_(3) content in the ore is 44.22%,the SiO_(2) content is 5.71%,and the ratio of the two is about 7.74.The main mineral in the ore is trihydrate alumina,with relatively low content of limonite(goethite)and boehmite,it contains small amounts of quartz,kaolinite,chlorite,and ilmenite,as well as trace amounts of albite,calcite,apatite,diaspore,ferrite,and rutile.There are trace amounts of aluminum dispersed in limonite,and most limonite and quartz are encapsulated in aluminum mineral aggregates in the form of extremely fine inclusions.Mineral particle size analysis shows that the cumulative content of aluminum mineral aggregates with embedded particle size not less than 0.074 mm is 92.50%,which is more concentrated in the range of 0.015~0.060 mm,the content of aluminum mineral aggregates with embedded particle size less than 0.010 mm is 0.5%;the cumulative content of iron mineral aggregates with embedded particle size not less than 0.074 mm is 34.45%,while the content is higher with embedded particle size less than 0.010 mm,which is 43.44%;the cumulative content of quartz embedded with a particle size of no less than 0.074 mm is 40.15%,while the content of embedded with a particle size of less than 0.010 mm is higher,which is 39.86%.Most of the aluminum in the ore exists in the form of independent minerals.

关 键 词：铝土矿 高铁低硫型 三水铝石 工艺矿物学 褐铁矿 嵌布粒度 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]