岗乡云杉林自然保护区大型真菌多样性研究  

Study on the Diversity of Macrofungi in Gangxiang Spruce Forest Nature Reserve

作　　者：刘丛丛 于倩倩 田星 孙居易 席建宁 王艳梅 李佳蔚 母雪艳 周永洪 LIU Congcong;YU Qianqian;TIAN Xing;SUN Juyi;XI Jianning;WANG Yanmei;LI Jiawei;MU Xueyan;ZHOU Yonghong(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University;Tibet Museum of Natural Science,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院 [2]西藏自然科学博物馆,拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2024年第4期166-169,共4页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划项目“西藏杀虫真菌资源的发掘及在设施农业中的应用”(XZ202001ZY0036N)。

摘　　要：岗乡云杉林自然保护区位于西藏自治区林芝市波密县,自然条件优渥,植被茂密,种类丰富,其中林芝云杉广布,大型真菌资源丰富。本文以2022年5月至2023年10月为研究期,以岗乡云杉林自然保护区为研究区,通过随机踏勘采集436份大型真菌样品(有效样品383份),对其进行物种多样性分析,并通过形态学和分子生物学方法对大型真菌样品进行鉴定。经鉴定,分类结果为2门9纲17目56科112属185种。其中,优势科(分布物种不少于10种)有4科,分别为多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)、小菇科(Mycenaceae)、红菇科(Russulaceae)和球盖菇科(Strophariaceae),分布物种共计54种。优势属(分布物种不少于5种)有5属,分别为鹅膏属(Amanita)、红菇属(Russula)、鹿花菌属(Gyromitra)、鳞伞属(Pholiota)和小菇属(Mycena),分布物种共计36种,占总种数的19.45%。研究区大型真菌资源的区系分析结果显示,属级区系地理成分大致可分为5个类型,以世界广布成分(66.670%)为主,呈现从亚热带逐步向北温带过渡的特征。本研究为岗乡云杉林自然保护区大型真菌资源的保护和开发利用提供数据基础。Gangxiang Spruce Forest Nature Reserve is located in Bomi county,Nyingchi city,Xizang autonomous region,with excellent natural conditions,dense vegetation and rich species,of which Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis is widely distributed and rich in macrofungi resources.From May 2022 to October 2023 as the research period,with Gangxiang Spruce Forest Natural Reserve as the research area,this paper collects 436 macrofungi samples(383 effective samples)through random surveys,analyzes their species diversity,and identifies the macrofungi samples through morphological and molecular biology methods.After identification,the classification results are 2 phyla,9 classes,17 orders,56 families,112 genera,and 185 species.Among them,there are 4 dominant families(with a distribution of no less than 10 species),namely Polyporaceae,Mycenaceae,Russulaceae,and Strophariaceae,with a total of 54 species distributed.There are 5 dominant genera(with a distribution of no less than 5 species),namely Amanita,Russula,Gyromitra,Pholiota,and Mycena,with a total of 36 species distributed,accounting for 19.45%of the total number of species.The analysis of the flora of macrofungi resources in the research area shows that the geographical components of genus level flora can be roughly divided into 5 types,with the world wide component(66.670%)being the main,showing a gradual transition from subtropical to northern temperate zones.This study provides a data foundation for the protection and development of macrofungi resources in Gangxiang Spruce Forest Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：大型真菌 物种多样性 区系地理成分 岗乡云杉林自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]