云南省不同民族中老年人群健康状况及影响因素研究  

Health status and influence factors among middle-aged and older adults of different ethnic minorities in Yunan Province

作　　者：李小菊 张亚访 李戎 陈杰 严朝芳 黄源 邓睿 LI Xiaoju;ZHANG Yafang;LI Rong;CHEN Jie;YAN Chaofang;HUANG Yuan;DENG Rui(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2024年第3期214-221,共8页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项资金面上项目(202201AY070001-024);云南省基础研究计划(202401AT070178)。

摘　　要：目的从身体、心理和社会维度,了解云南省不同民族中老年人健康现状并探索其影响因素,为维护促进中老年人健康提供参考。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样,在云南省6个县(市)抽取2750名中老年人进行问卷调查。结果云南省中老年人中日常生活活动失能率、抑郁检出率和中低社会支持率分别为40.55%、20.22%和60.81%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,影响中老年人生理健康状况的主要因素有民族、性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况和亲属照顾;影响中老年人心理健康的主要因素有民族、性别、慢性病患病情况;影响中老年人社会健康的主要因素有居住地、年龄、婚姻状况、孩子数量及亲属照顾。上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论云南省中老年人的整体健康状况并不理想,性别和民族身份是影响生理和心理健康的重要因素,未来宜继续落实基本公共卫生服务,加大对少数民族女性健康的关注,采取针对性的服务或干预措施。Objective To know about the physical,mental,and social health status and influence factors among middle-aged and older adults of different ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province,so as to provide reference for health promotion of middle-aged and older adults.Methods By using multi-stage random cluster sampling,2750 middle-aged and elderly people from 6 counties and cities in Yunnan Province were surveyed with a questionnaire.Results The disability rate of activities of daily living,detection rate of depression,and low social support rate among middle-aged and older adults in Yunnan Province were 40.55%,20.22%,and 60.81%,respectively.The Logistic regression analysis results showed that the main factors influencing the physical health status of middle-aged and older adults were ethnicity,gender,age,educational background,marital status,and familial care.The main factors influencing their mental health were ethnicity,gender,and status of chronic diseases.The main factors influencing their social health were residential location,age,marital status,number of children,and familial care.The above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The overall health status of middle-aged and older adults in Yunnan Province is not satisfactory.Gender and ethnic identity are significant factors influencing physical and mental health.In the future,it is vital to further enhance the primary public health services,attach more importance to the health of ethnic females,and provide targeted health care services orinterventions.

关 键 词：中老年人 健康状况 日常生活活动能力 抑郁 社会支持 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]