川中丘陵河流型饮用水水源保护区土壤重金属特征及生态风险评价  

Heavy metal characteristics and ecological risk assessment of soil in the hilly river type drinking water source protection area in central Sichuan

作　　者：卓勇 吴怡 徐威 田雨 张帆 艾晓艳 覃利 何天伟 ZHUO Yong;WU Yi;XU Wei;TIAN Yu;ZHANG Fan;AI Xiao-yan;QIN Li;HE Tian-wei(Sichuan Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610046,China;Sichuan Environmental Protection Technology Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610046,China;Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610046,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川成都610046 [2]四川省环保科技工程有限责任公司,四川成都610046 [3]四川省环科院科技咨询有限责任公司,四川成都610046

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第4期1-9,共9页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：为研究川中红层丘陵区河流型饮用水水源保护区土壤重金属的分布特征、来源及其生态风险,以濛溪河集中式饮用水水源保护区土壤为研究对象,共采集40个表层土壤样品,统计分析重金属分布特征及差异,运用相关性分析、聚类分析以及主成分分析研究重金属来源和影响因素,采用单因子污染指数、地累积指数和潜在生态风险对水源保护区土壤重金属进行生态风险评价。结果表明:研究区土壤重金属平均含量Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As>Cd>Hg,其中,Cu、Cd在一级保护区的平均含量大于二级保护区,Cr、Ni、Pb、As、Hg在二级保护区的平均含量相对较高。土壤重金属主要来源为成土母质,同时受人类农业生产活动影响。一级保护区土壤Cu、Cd、Ni、Pb、As、Hg、Cd均未超标,二级保护区左岸土壤Cd元素有2个点位超标,超标倍数较小,综合潜在风险指数评级为轻微生态危害,其中Cu、Ni、Pb、As、Cr为低风险,仅Cd和Hg存在中风险和较高风险,无高风险和极高风险等级分布,其中Cd产生较高风险,占2.5%,Cd和Hg不会对生态造成影响。另外,根据水源地水质的历史监测数据,水源保护区内土壤重金属难以对饮用水水源水质安全造成影响。In order to study the distribution characteristics,sources,and ecological risks of heavy metals in the soil of the river type drinking water source protection zone in the red layer hilly area of central Sichuan,a total of 40 surface soil samples were collected from the Mengxi River centralized drinking water source protection zone,and the distribution characteristics and differences of heavy metals were statistically analyzed.Correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis were used to study the sources and influencing factors of heavy metals.Single factor pollution index was used ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soil of water source protection areas based on land accumulation index and potential ecological risks.The results showed that the average content of heavy metals in the soil of the study area was Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As>Cd>Hg.Among them,the average content of Cu and Cd in the first level protection zone was higher than that in the second level protection zone,while the average content of Cr,Ni,Pb,As,Hg in the second level protection zone was relatively higher.The main source of heavy metals in soil is the soil parent material,and they are also affected by human agricultural production activities.Cu,Cd,Ni,Pb,As,Hg,and Cd in the soil of the first level protection zone did not exceed the standard,while Cd elements in the soil of the left bank of the second level protection zone exceeded the standard at two points,with a small multiple of exceeding the standard.The comprehensive potential risk index rated it as a slight ecological hazard,with Cu,Ni,Pb,As,and Cr being low risk.Only Cd and Hg have medium and high risks,and there is no distribution of high and extremely high risk levels.Among them,Cd produces a higher risk,accounting for 2.5%,and Cd and Hg will not have an impact on the ecology.In addition,based on historical monitoring data of water quality in the water source area,it is difficult for heavy metals in the soil within the water source protection zone to have an impact

关 键 词：水源保护区 土壤 重金属特征 生态风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]