深海ROV压力补偿器的设计研究  

Research on the Design of Pressure Compensator in Deep-sea ROV

作　　者：曹刚 王鸿飞 张定华 CAO Gang;WANG Hongfei;ZHANG Dinghua(CRRC SMD(Shanghai)Ltd.,ShangHai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中车艾森迪海洋装备有限公司,上海201306

出　　处：《控制与信息技术》2024年第2期105-110,共6页CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2806900)。

摘　　要：压力补偿器对深海水下机器人(remotely operated vehicle,ROV)的作业深度和作业性能等有重大影响。为了加强压力补偿器在深海ROV中的工程化应用,文章对ROV中压力补偿器的设计开展研究。通过分析比较不同材质、相同体积的ROV阀块与阀箱壳体重量发现,若采用不锈钢材质与钛合金材质的阀块与阀箱壳体,无需采用压力补偿器即可满足其耐压性能要求,但ROV的质量分别增加约187%和74%;而采用铝合金阀块和阀箱壳体与补偿器的融合设计的ROV,具有重量轻、结构紧凑及大水深作业的优异性能。以滚动膜片式压力补偿器的设计为例,通过分析其结构特点和静态性能指出,调节弹性元件及结构件的相关参数可确定补偿压力与海水压力的压力差,使压力补偿器的补偿压力满足使用要求;此外,依据滚动膜片式压力补偿器的油液收缩与油液膨胀原理等,给出了压力补偿器体积计算原则,指出压力和温度是影响补偿器体积选择的重要参数,依此原则设计的压力补偿器可使ROV应用于5000 m(约50 MPa)的深海而无需加装厚实的耐压结构来保护。文章最后从密封性能、结构设计及压力补偿3个方面对压力补偿器技术未来的发展进行了展望。Pressure compensators have a significant impact on the depth and performance of remotely operated vehicle(ROV)operations,necessitating the development of high performance and easily maintainable safety compensators.This paper delved into the research on the design of pressure compensators for ROVs,in order to enhance their engineering applications in deep-sea ROVs.By analyzing and comparing the weight of the ROV valve blocks and valve box shells made of different materials but exhibiting the same volume,it was found that the valve blocks and valve box shells made of stainless steel and titanium alloy met the pressure resistance requirements,in the absence of pressure compensators.However,the weight of the ROVs increased by about 187%and 74%respectively.The ROV,which adopted a fusion design of aluminum alloy valve blocks,valve box shells,and compensators,demonstrated excellent performance in light weight,compact structure,and deep water operations.A further examination was conducted using a rolling diaphragm pressure compensator as an example,focusing on structural characteristics and static performance.The results highlighted the role played by relevant elastic and structural components in adjusting the pressure difference between the compensation pressure and seawater pressure,until the required compensation pressure of the pressure compensator in the operation.In addition,based on the principles of rolling diaphragm pressure compensators such as oil contraction and expansion,this study introduced a volume calculation principle for pressure compensators,highlighting pressure and temperature as the important parameters that affect the compensator volume selection.The application of pressure compensators designed according to this principle can facilitate ROV operations in deep sea up to 5000 m in depth(about 50 MPa),without the need of protection by additional thick pressure resistant structures.This paper concludes by drawing attention to prospects for the future development of pressure compensator technology fr

关 键 词：深海ROV 压力补偿 滚动膜片式压力补偿器 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]