《四部医典》饮食种类及特点分析  

Analysis on the types and characteristics of diet in Four Medical Codes

作　　者：塔巴江才 罗布顿珠 次旦南卓 米玛 THARPA Gyaltsan;NORBU Dongrub;TSHETAN Namdrol;MIG Dmar(University of Tibetan Medicine,Lhasa 850000,China;Nangqian County Jiqu Township Central Health Center,Nangqian 815299,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏藏医药大学,拉萨850000 [2]囊谦县吉曲乡中心卫生院,青海囊谦815299

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2024年第4期2036-2038,共3页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家级非物质文化遗产——藏医外治学技艺传承与保护项目;西藏自治区科技厅2022年中央引导地方科技发展资金第一批项目(No.30022203);西藏藏医药大学藏医药基础教育部重点实验室开放课题(No.ZYYJC-22-05,No.ZYYJC-22-07);藏医预防保健学科研平台及团队建设(No.BSDJS-TDJS-22-04);2023年中医学(藏医)博士点建设及中药学(藏药)博士点培育项目(No.BSDJS-23-01,No.BSDJS-23-11);西藏藏医药大学2023年度博士研究生科研创新能力提高项目(No.BSDJS-BS-2023007)。

摘　　要：目的:挖掘中国传统医学之藏医学饮食疗法理论及精华,更好服务“健康中国”战略,提升国民身体素质。方法:运用文献挖掘和数据统计方法,整理归纳《四部医典》中记载的饮食种类情况,从饮食的类别、数量、特性3个角度分析,试图揭示藏医饮食特点及食疗规律。结果:《四部医典》收载饮食341种,分为粮谷类、肉类、油脂类、绿叶蔬菜类、烹饪类、奶类、水类、酒类等八类,概括为食品(261种)、饮品(80种)两大类。食品中肉类(31.38%,107/341)和烹饪类(27.57%,94/341)居多,饮品中奶类(9.68%,33/341)居多。六味集中在甘味(79.39%,208/262)、甘酸苦味(5.34%,14/262),甘味主要分布在肉类,甘酸苦味主要为酒类。性效以温性(37.40%,98/262)、凉性(14.12%,37/262)、平性(13.36%,35/262)居多。功效主要集中在调治三因病、杂病、热病、创伤、内科病等方面。结论:《四部医典》饮食学内容丰富,独具特色,具有重要研究价值。Objective:To explore the theory and essence of Tibetan medicine diet therapy in traditional Chinese medicine,better serve the strategy of‘healthy China’and improve the national physical fitness.Methods:By using the methods of literature mining and data statistics,the paper summarized the types of diet recorded in the Four Medical Codes,and analyzed the types,quantities and characteristics of diet,trying to reveal the characteristics and rules of diet therapy of Tibetan medicine.Results:Four Medical Codes contained 341 kinds of diet,which were divided into eight categories:cereals,meat,oil,green leafy vegetables,cooking,milk,water,wine,etc.,which were generally divided into two categories:food(261 kinds)and drink(80 kinds).Meat(31.38%,107/341)and cooking(27.57%,94/341)were most common in food,and milk(9.68%,33/341)was most common in drinks.The six tastes mainly focused on sweet(79.39%,208/262)and sour bitter(5.34%,14/262).The sweet taste was mainly distributed in meat,and the sour bitter taste was mainly distributed in wine.The nature effect mainly focused on warm(37.40%,98/262),cool(14.12%,37/262)and flat(13.36%,35/262).The efficacy was mainly concentrated in the treatment of Sanyin diseases,miscellaneous diseases,fever,trauma,internal diseases and so on.Conclusion:Four Medical Codes diet is rich in content,unique and has important research value.

关 键 词：藏医学 《四部医典》 饮食种类 饮食特点 数据分析 

分 类 号：R247.1[医药卫生—中医临床基础]