晚清国人对机器制茶的认知与接受  

Chinese People's Cognition and Acceptance of Making Tea by Machine in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：曹英[1] 刘苏华[2] Cao Ying;Liu Suhua

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院 [2]湖南师范大学出版社

出　　处：《农业考古》2024年第2期91-99,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：湖南省社科基金项目“近代中国茶叶出口贸易的转型”(项目编号:21YBA056)。

摘　　要：晚清时期,国人对机器制茶的认知经历了由浅入深的过程,对机器制茶的接受程度也由低到高。19世纪80年代后期,华茶贸易危机初现,国人开始了对机器制茶的探讨,此时国人对这一新的生产方式认识尚浅,意见存在分歧。19世纪末,报刊媒体的介绍使国人对机器制茶的认识有所深化,对机器制茶的倡导成为中国茶业改良思想的一个重要部分,政府和商人开始了机器制茶的尝试,但不少人仍对机器制茶存有疑虑。20世纪初的清朝新政时期,对国外的考察进一步增强了国人对机器制茶的认知,机器制茶被视为振兴茶业、挽回利权的必要手段。虽然出于种种原因,晚清机器制茶的实践十分有限,但国人对机器制茶的认知与接受过程反映了其对待新的外来科技积极开放与谨慎理性的双重态度,为中国茶业的近代化发展奠定了一定的基础。In the late Qing Dynasty,Chinese people's cognition of making tea by machine went through a process from simple to profound,and their reception also increased from low to high.In the late 1880s,the crisis in the Chinese tea trade emerged,and Chinese people began to probe into making tea by machine.At this time,Chinese people had a shallow understanding of this new production method and had divergent opinions.At the end of the 19th century,the introduction by newspapers and media deepened Chinese people's cognition,and the advocacy of making tea by machine became an important part of the thought of Chinese tea industry reform.The government and merchants tried to practice,but many people had doubts about it.In the early 20th century,during the period of the new policy in the late Qing Dynasty,the investigation of foreign countries further enhanced Chinese people's cognition of making tea by machine,which was seen as a necessary means to revitalize the tea industry and retrieving interests.Although for various reasons,the practice of making tea by machine in the late Qing Dynasty was limited,the cognition and acceptance process of Chinese people towards it reflected their dual attitude towards new foreign technologies,which were both open and cautious,laying the foundation for the modernization development of China's tea industry.

关 键 词：晚清 机器制茶 认知 接受 

分 类 号：K250[历史地理—历史学]