“同一健康”理念应对抗菌药物耐药性全球危机  

Using the“One Health”Concept to Address the Global Crisis of Antimicrobial Resistance

作　　者：隋金钰 李木子 曹旭敏[1] 王晓茵[1] 孙晓亮[1] 赵思俊[1] 宋翠平[1] Sui Jinyu;Li Muzi;Cao Xumin;Wang Xiaoyin;Sun Xiaoliang;Zhao Sijun;Song Cuiping(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第4期38-44,共7页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：抗菌药物耐药性(antimicrobial resistance,AMR)已成为全球公共卫生危机。细菌可通过基因突变、水平基因转移等方式获得耐药性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs),而抗菌药的长期或不合理使用加速了ARGs的出现。ARGs在人-环境-动物间的循环传播,造成ARGs分布广泛,多重耐药菌株甚至泛耐药菌株不断出现,给全球公共卫生安全带来严重威胁。驱动耐药菌和ARGs传播的因素是多方面、复杂的,因此AMR治理需要全方位考虑,而“同一健康”理念是国际公认的解决重大和复杂健康问题的一种策略方法。本文在讨论ARGs获得、传播机制及其主要驱动因素的基础上,分析其在人-环境-动物间的循环传播过程,提出了在“同一健康”理念指导下的应对策略,以期为AMR治理提供参考。Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has become a global public health crisis.Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)could be obtained by bacteria through gene mutations and horizontal gene transfer,being accelerated by long-term or irrational use of antibiotics,and distributed widely because of its cyclic transmission among humans-environmentanimals,continuously producing multiple-resistant strains even pandrug-resistant strains,and posing a serious threat to global public health safety.In view of various and complex factors driving the spread of drug-resistant bacteria and ARGs,AMR should be thoroughly governed,and the“One Health”concept is internationally recognized as a strategic approach to address major and complex health issues.Following the discussion on the accessibility and transmission mechanism of ARGs and their main driving factors,its cyclic transmission among humans-environmentanimals was analyzed in the paper,and countermeasures under the concept were proposed,aiming to provide a reference for AMR governance.

关 键 词：抗菌药物耐药性 耐药基因 超级细菌 同一健康 

分 类 号：S859.8[农业科学—临床兽医学]